Analysis Tools
reproductive system
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• males exhibit no significant changes in testes weight-to-body weight ratio, seminiferous tubule diameter or sperm concentration in the caudae epididymides relative to control males
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• mature spermatozoa show abnormal mitochondrial distribution: mitochondria are found in sperm heads instead of forming a sheath around the initial part of the sperm tail
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• MitoTracker staining revealed loss of the mitochondrial sheath
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• although the Golgi phase appears normal, many small PNA-positive vesicles are detected on the nuclear surface of spermatids in the cap phase
• acrosome-less spermatids fail to exhibit the typical elongated shape in the maturation phase, although nuclei are condensed
• defect in acrosome biogenesis is likely due to impaired fusion of Golgi-derived vesicles, whereas tethering of these vesicles to the nuclear envelope appears unaffected
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• Golgi-derived vesicles accumulate in the region between the Golgi and the nucleus but fail to generate larger granules or acrosomal caps
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• spermatozoa within seminiferous tubules or the cauda epididymis exhibit round heads
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• mature spermatozoa isolated from the caudae epididymides lack acrosomes
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• acrosome-less spermatozoa in the seminiferous tubules frequently exhibit irregularly shaped nuclei
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• spermatozoa isolated from the caudae epididymides show a drastic reduction in motility
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• male mice fail to produce progeny
• however, mating behavior is normal and vaginal plugs are observed in paired females
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cellular
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• mature spermatozoa show abnormal mitochondrial distribution: mitochondria are found in sperm heads instead of forming a sheath around the initial part of the sperm tail
|
|
|
• MitoTracker staining revealed loss of the mitochondrial sheath
|
|
|
• although the Golgi phase appears normal, many small PNA-positive vesicles are detected on the nuclear surface of spermatids in the cap phase
• acrosome-less spermatids fail to exhibit the typical elongated shape in the maturation phase, although nuclei are condensed
• defect in acrosome biogenesis is likely due to impaired fusion of Golgi-derived vesicles, whereas tethering of these vesicles to the nuclear envelope appears unaffected
|
|
|
• Golgi-derived vesicles accumulate in the region between the Golgi and the nucleus but fail to generate larger granules or acrosomal caps
|
|
|
• spermatozoa within seminiferous tubules or the cauda epididymis exhibit round heads
|
|
|
• mature spermatozoa isolated from the caudae epididymides lack acrosomes
|
|
|
• acrosome-less spermatozoa in the seminiferous tubules frequently exhibit irregularly shaped nuclei
|
|
|
• spermatozoa isolated from the caudae epididymides show a drastic reduction in motility
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