Analysis Tools
behavior/neurological
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• in the forced swim assay, mice spend less time immobile than wild-type mice and show an increase in the latency before the first period of immobility, indicating an anti-depressive phenotype
• in the chronic social defeat stress test, mice do not show any signs of avoidance behavior following social defeat, spending a comparable amount of time in the interaction zone and corners as undefeated wild-type mice, indicating resiliency to depression-like behavior
• however, mice do not show differences from wild-type mice in the tail suspension test
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• mice are more active in the first 15 minutes of the open field test and spend more time in the center of the chamber, indicating reduced anxiety
• in the elevated plus maze, mice spend less time in the closed arms and more time in the open arms, indicating reduced anxiety
• however, in the light-dark box assay, mice do not show differences from wild-type mice
• however, mice do not show differences from wild-type mice in the radial arm maze assay of working memory and in contextual fear conditioning assay of learning
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• mice spend more time in the center of the chamber during the open field test than wild-type mice
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cellular
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• proliferative potential of mouse embryonic fibroblasts, neural progenitor cells, and embryonic stem cells is impaired in vitro
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nervous system
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• subtle, but significant, reduction in striatal volume
• however, total brain size and architecture appear normal
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craniofacial
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N |
• mice do not exhibit cleft palate
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growth/size/body
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N |
• mice develop normally and do not exhibit growth defects
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