homeostasis/metabolism
• mice exhibit 3-hydroxyanthranilic acid (3HAA) levels that are more than 100 times the levels in wild-type or heterozygous mice
• however, NAD(H) levels are normal
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cellular
• all embryos (homozygotes and heterozygotes) from homozygous female mice fed a niacin-free diet and mated with heterozygous males die
• embryos from homozygous female mice fed a niacin-free diet supplemented with 5 mg nicotinic acid per liter of drinking water between E7.5 and E12.5 show better sustained embryogenesis with some live null embryos present but with various abnormalities and when supplemented with 10 or 15 mg nicotinic acid per liter of drinking water, mostly all embryos are normal
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craniofacial
cleft palate
(
J:272339
)
• cleft palate is seen in homozygous embryos from homozygous female mice fed a niacin-free diet supplemented with nicotinic acid between E7.5 and E12.5
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embryo
• caudal agenesis is seen in homozygous embryos from homozygous female mice fed a niacin-free diet supplemented with nicotinic acid between E7.5 and E12.5
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cardiovascular system
• heart defects are seen in homozygous embryos from homozygous female mice fed a niacin-free diet supplemented with nicotinic acid between E7.5 and E12.5
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digestive/alimentary system
cleft palate
(
J:272339
)
• cleft palate is seen in homozygous embryos from homozygous female mice fed a niacin-free diet supplemented with nicotinic acid between E7.5 and E12.5
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growth/size/body
cleft palate
(
J:272339
)
• cleft palate is seen in homozygous embryos from homozygous female mice fed a niacin-free diet supplemented with nicotinic acid between E7.5 and E12.5
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renal/urinary system
small kidney
(
J:272339
)
• small kidney is seen in homozygous embryos from homozygous female mice fed a niacin-free diet supplemented with nicotinic acid between E7.5 and E12.5
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limbs/digits/tail
syndactyly
(
J:272339
)
• syndactyly is seen in homozygous embryos from homozygous female mice fed a niacin-free diet supplemented with nicotinic acid between E7.5 and E12.5
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• talipes is seen in homozygous embryos from homozygous female mice fed a niacin-free diet supplemented with nicotinic acid between E7.5 and E12.5
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skeleton
• homozygous embryos from homozygous female mice fed a niacin-free diet supplemented with nicotinic acid between E7.5 and E12.5 exhibit multiple defects in vertebral segmentation
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