reproductive system
N |
• at 3 months of age, female homozygotes exhibit normal folliculogenesis and oocyte counts relative to heterozygous female controls
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• oocytes from most (71 of 79) mutant mice fail to extrude a polar body after germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD)
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• oocytes appear normal until metaphase I but show a highly penetrant failure to transition to anaphase I; however, ~10% of mice harbor oocytes able to progress through meiosis I
• whereas control oocytes separate their chromosomes and extrude polar bodies 8 h after germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD), mutant oocytes remain in a metaphase I-like state, with a spindle that has migrated to the cortex and chromosomes aligned at the spindle mid-zone
• oocytes arrest in metaphase I with aligned bivalents, bipolar spindles, partial anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) activation, high CDK1 activity, high securin and cyclin B1 protein levels, and little or no separase activity
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• female homozygotes are sterile; no pregnancies are observed, and no pups are born from mutant females bred with wild-type males for two rounds of mating
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cellular
• oocytes from most (71 of 79) mutant mice fail to extrude a polar body after germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD)
|
• oocytes appear normal until metaphase I but show a highly penetrant failure to transition to anaphase I; however, ~10% of mice harbor oocytes able to progress through meiosis I
• whereas control oocytes separate their chromosomes and extrude polar bodies 8 h after germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD), mutant oocytes remain in a metaphase I-like state, with a spindle that has migrated to the cortex and chromosomes aligned at the spindle mid-zone
• oocytes arrest in metaphase I with aligned bivalents, bipolar spindles, partial anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C) activation, high CDK1 activity, high securin and cyclin B1 protein levels, and little or no separase activity
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