immune system
• reduced macrophage recruitment to liver when fed high fat diet (HFD)
• reduced M1 polarization of macrophages in liver when fed high fat diet (HFD)
|
• increased LPS-induced hepatocyte pyroptosis and liver damage
• lower body temperature and activity after LPS challenge
• increased LPS-induced macrophage and neutrophil recruitment to liver
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nervous system
N |
• normal brain weight
|
• significantly worse neurological score 24h after MCAO and reperfusion treatment
• significantly more severe neuronal morphological damage (shrinkage, nuclear pyknosis) in hippocampus 24h after MCAO and reperfusion treatment
• significantly more apoptotic cells in ventral and caudal peri-infarct areas 24h after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and reperfusion treatment
• significantly slower recovery as determined by total distance moved and movement speed in open field test 20 days after MCAO and reperfusion treatment
• 80% reduction in neurogenesis in ischemic hemisphere and 70% in hippocampus 5 days after MCAO and reperfusion treatment
|
• ~50% increase in infarct volume 24h after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and reperfusion treatment
|
liver/biliary system
• reduced HFD-induced steatosis
• reduced liver weight and hepatocyte size gain when fed high fat diet (HFD)
• normal liver weight, hepatocyte size and lipid amount on regular chow
|
hematopoietic system
• reduced macrophage recruitment to liver when fed high fat diet (HFD)
• reduced M1 polarization of macrophages in liver when fed high fat diet (HFD)
|
mortality/aging
• no high fat diet (HFD)-induced liver injury as determined by lack of elevated serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity when fed HFD
• reduced liver weight and hepatocyte size gain when fed high fat diet (HFD)
• normal liver weight, hepatocyte size and lipid amount on regular chow
|
growth/size/body
• reduced body mass gain an smaller iWAT adipocytes at age 16 weeks on regular chow
• normal body length and food intake at age 16 weeks on regular chow
|
• reduced body mass gain after 14 weeks on high fat diet (HFD)
• smaller inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT), visceral WAT (vWAT) and mesenteric WAT (mWAT) depots after 14 weeks on HFD
• smaller adipocytes in iWAT after 14 weeks on HFD
• reduced increase in serum free fatty acid, LDL-C, HDL, cholesterol and glucose levels when fed HFD
|
homeostasis/metabolism
N |
• normal glucose tolerance after 16h fasting
(J:287930)
• normal lipid, glucose and fasting insulin levels in serum on regular chow
(J:302786)
|
• reduced body mass gain after 14 weeks on high fat diet (HFD)
• smaller inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT), visceral WAT (vWAT) and mesenteric WAT (mWAT) depots after 14 weeks on HFD
• smaller adipocytes in iWAT after 14 weeks on HFD
• reduced increase in serum free fatty acid, LDL-C, HDL, cholesterol and glucose levels when fed HFD
|
• in insulin tolerance test after 4h fasting
|
• significantly worse neurological score 24h after MCAO and reperfusion treatment
• significantly more severe neuronal morphological damage (shrinkage, nuclear pyknosis) in hippocampus 24h after MCAO and reperfusion treatment
• significantly more apoptotic cells in ventral and caudal peri-infarct areas 24h after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and reperfusion treatment
• significantly slower recovery as determined by total distance moved and movement speed in open field test 20 days after MCAO and reperfusion treatment
• 80% reduction in neurogenesis in ischemic hemisphere and 70% in hippocampus 5 days after MCAO and reperfusion treatment
|
• ~50% increase in infarct volume 24h after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) and reperfusion treatment
|