skeleton
• primary osteoblasts show inhibition of differentiation in culture upon induction with BMP-2
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• osteoblast surface per bone surface is lower in calvaria but the osteoblast number per bone perimeter is not altered indicating that bone development is delayed in calvarias because osteoblasts are less active
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• calvarial area, density, bone volume and thickness are reduced
• calvarial area, bone volume and density are decreased and mean bone separation is increased
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• calvarial fontanels are less closed and the bones are less dense
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• calvarial bones are smaller and less dense
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• mean bone thickness is calvaria is decreased
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• femurs are less developed on P3
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• calvarial density is reduced
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• bone volume to tissue volume is decreased in calvaria
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craniofacial
• calvarial area, density, bone volume and thickness are reduced
• calvarial area, bone volume and density are decreased and mean bone separation is increased
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• calvarial fontanels are less closed and the bones are less dense
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• calvarial bones are smaller and less dense
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• mean bone thickness is calvaria is decreased
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limbs/digits/tail
• femurs are less developed on P3
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cellular
• primary osteoblasts show inhibition of differentiation in culture upon induction with BMP-2
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• osteoblast surface per bone surface is lower in calvaria but the osteoblast number per bone perimeter is not altered indicating that bone development is delayed in calvarias because osteoblasts are less active
|