adipose tissue
• after 22 weeks on a high-fat diet (HFD), wet weight of brown adipose tissue (BAT) is significantly lower than that in wild-type controls
• however, BAT morphology and cold tolerance are normal on a HFD
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• after 22 weeks on a HFD, mRNA expression of profibrotic collagens (Col1a1, -3a1, -6a1 and -6a2), total tissue collagen content, and Trichrome staining for collagen are significantly decreased in epididymal WAT, indicating reduced fibrotic potential
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• after 22 weeks on a HFD, a trend towards an increased number of fat cells is observed in epididymal WAT but not in stromal WAT
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• after 6 and 22 weeks on an HFD, adipocyte size is significantly reduced in epididymal WAT relative to that in wild-type controls; a trend towards smaller adipocytes is also observed stromal WAT
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• after 22 weeks on a HFD, wet weight of stromal WAT is significantly lower than that in wild-type controls
• however, wet epididymal WAT weight is normal on a HFD
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• after BrdU treatment and HFD feeding for 1 week, preadipocyte proliferation is significantly increased in epididymal WAT relative to that in wild-type controls
• after 22 weeks on a HFD, mRNA expression of inflammatory markers Tnf and Il1b in epididymal WAT is significantly lower than that in wild-type controls
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homeostasis/metabolism
• after 12 weeks on a HFD, mice show significantly lower blood glucose levels in the fed ad libitum state than wild-type controls
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• after 12 and 22 weeks on a HFD, plasma leptin levels are significantly lower than those in wild-type controls
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• after 5 weeks on a HFD, plasma leptin levels are significantly higher than those in wild-type controls
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• after 12 weeks on a HFD, mice show a significantly higher respiratory exchange ratio during the night, indicating enhanced glucose oxidation
• however, energy expenditure and physical activity are normal on a HFD
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• after 12 weeks on a HFD, mice show improved glucose tolerance in a GTT relative to wild-type controls
• however, glucose tolerance is normal on a regular chow diet
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• after 8 weeks on a HFD, mice show increased insulin sensitivity in an ITT relative to wild-type controls
• however, insulin tolerance is normal on a regular chow diet
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• after 22 weeks on a HFD, total tissue collagen content and Trichrome staining for collagen in epididymal WAT is significantly less than that in wild-type controls
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behavior/neurological
• after 10 weeks on a HFD, food intake is significantly increased during the dark phase relative to that in wild-type controls
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cellular
• on a HFD, mRNA expression of Loxl1 (lysyl oxidase-like 1) and Loxl3 (lysyl oxidase-like 3) and protein expression of LOXL3 in epididymal WAT is significantly lower than that in HFD-fed wild-type controls, suggesting altered adipose extracellular matrix remodeling/composition
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growth/size/body
N |
• mice show no significant changes in weight gain and body composition relative to wild-type controls whether on a normal chow or a high-fat diet
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liver/biliary system
N |
• on a HFD, mice show no significant changes in wet liver weight or liver triglyceride (TG) content relative to wild-type controls
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skeleton
N |
• on a HFD, mice show no significant differences in femur length relative to wild-type controls
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