mortality/aging
• homozygotes are not born at the expected Mendelian ratio; lethality is observed as early as the blastocyst stage (E3.5) and continuously detected during post-implantation development
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embryo
• newborn mice show defects in anterior-posterior (A-P) patterning of the axial skeleton
• anterior transformations are accompanied by aberrant repression of Hoxb6 at the eighth pre-vertebra
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• about one third of surviving embryos show growth retardation at E10.5
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• blastocysts derived from crosses between homozygous or heterozygous males with heterozygous females and grown in culture under ESC inducing conditions fail to generate ES cell-like lines
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• at E11.5, the number of trophoblast giant cells is dramatically reduced
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• at E11.5, the number of spongiotrophoblast cells is dramatically reduced
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• at E11.5, the placental labyrinth layer is malformed
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• at E11.5, the placental labyrinth layer is hypoplastic
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• placenta area is significantly reduced at E10.5
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growth/size/body
• about one third of surviving embryos show growth retardation at E10.5
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skeleton
• fusion of ribs on 15 to the sternum in 32% of newborn mice
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• an ectopic sternal rib (labeled as 15) is observed in newborn mice
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rib fusion
(
J:258919
)
• fusion of rib(s) on 9 to 8 in 7% of newborn mice
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• prominent spinous process on 10, which is normally on 9, in 14% of newborn mice
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• association of the anterior arch of the atlas with the atlas in 21% of newborn mice
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• anterior tubercle(s) on vertebra 7, which are normally on vertebra 6, in 18% of newborn mice
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hematopoietic system
• at E11.5, no fetus-derived nucleated erythrocytes are observed in the labyrinth layer, unlike in wild-type controls
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