skeleton
• destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) surgery-induced mice show typical osteoarthritis characteristics, with severe cartilage degeneration, a reduction in cartilage thickness, and decrease in chondrocyte numbers
• DMM-induced mice fed a phytol enriched diet show more severely deteriorative osteoarthritis phenotypes such as increased cartilage degeneration, reduced cartilage thickness, and reduced chondrocyte numbers than wild-type mice
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• DMM surgery-induced mice show typical osteoarthritis characteristics
• mice fed a phytol enriched diet show severe cartilage degeneration without DMM surgery
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• immature murine articular chondrocytes exhibit mitochondrial dysfunction and pyruvate accumulation under phytol-enriched conditions
• immature murine articular chondrocytes show an accumulation of 2-phosphoglycerate, acetyl-CoA, and malonyl-CoA
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• immature murine articular chondrocyte apoptosis is increased in culture under phytol-enriched conditions
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• immature murine articular chondrocyte proliferation is decreased in culture
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immune system
• destabilization of the medial meniscus (DMM) surgery-induced mice show typical osteoarthritis characteristics, with severe cartilage degeneration, a reduction in cartilage thickness, and decrease in chondrocyte numbers
• DMM-induced mice fed a phytol enriched diet show more severely deteriorative osteoarthritis phenotypes such as increased cartilage degeneration, reduced cartilage thickness, and reduced chondrocyte numbers than wild-type mice
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• DMM surgery-induced mice show typical osteoarthritis characteristics
• mice fed a phytol enriched diet show severe cartilage degeneration without DMM surgery
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cellular
• immature murine articular chondrocyte apoptosis is increased in culture under phytol-enriched conditions
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• immature murine articular chondrocyte proliferation is decreased in culture
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• immature murine articular chondrocytes exhibit peroxisome dysfunction
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