mortality/aging
• approximate 40% long-term survival
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• mice appear healthy but die prematurely, with 50% of mice dying by 23 weeks of age
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cardiovascular system
• hearts show rare focal myocyte vacuolization, myofibril splaying, and nuclear enlargement
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• hearts show mild focal interstitial fibrosis
• however, hearts are grossly normal without hypertrophy or chamber enlargement, normal ventricular myocardium
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• lower mean arterial blood pressure at baseline and throughout the dobutamine dose range
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liver/biliary system
• focal apoptosis and necrosis in centrilobular areas of the liver
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muscle
• hearts show rare focal myocyte vacuolization, myofibril splaying, and nuclear enlargement
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nervous system
• focal apoptosis and necrosis in CA1/CA2 regions of the hippocampus
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cellular
• hearts show mild focal interstitial fibrosis
• however, hearts are grossly normal without hypertrophy or chamber enlargement, normal ventricular myocardium
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