mortality/aging
• surprisingly, several mice die after exposure to a 90-dB loud sound due to seizures followed by suffocation
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behavior/neurological
N |
• prior to the fear conditioning test, mice show no differences in spontaneous locomotor activity (open-field test), anxiety-related behavior (open-field and elevated plus maze test), or spatial working memory (Y-maze test) relative to wild-type controls
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• in the fear conditioning test, mice show only slight differences in the percent of time spent freezing at cued testing relative to wild-type controls
• however, no differences are observed at conditioning or contextual testing
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• after exposure to aversive stimuli given during the fear conditioning test, mice spend significantly less time in the open arms of the elevated plus maze test than wild-type controls, suggesting increased anxiety-related behavior
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• after exposure to aversive stimuli given during the fear conditioning test, mice show significantly decreased locomotor activity in their home cage and in the open-field and elevated plus-maze tests, regardless of seizure manifestation
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• after the fear conditioning test, mice receive a significantly higher number of electric shocks than wild-type controls in a modified treadmill test, indicating that their running ability is impaired
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• 3 of 11 mice (45%) show a score of 2 (wild running followed by clonic seizures and/or tonic flexion and extension) in response to auditory cues (90 dBA) alone
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• surprisingly, 5 of 14 mice (36%) show a score of 2 (wild running followed by clonic seizures and/or tonic flexion and extension) in response to stimulation consisting of a mild foot shock (0.3 mA) and an auditory cue (90 dBA) at the conditioning trial of the fear conditioning test
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nervous system
• 3 of 11 mice (45%) show a score of 2 (wild running followed by clonic seizures and/or tonic flexion and extension) in response to auditory cues (90 dBA) alone
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• surprisingly, 5 of 14 mice (36%) show a score of 2 (wild running followed by clonic seizures and/or tonic flexion and extension) in response to stimulation consisting of a mild foot shock (0.3 mA) and an auditory cue (90 dBA) at the conditioning trial of the fear conditioning test
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• after the fear conditioning test, brain weight is significantly lower than that in wild-type controls
• however, no changes in brain weight are observed in naive mice
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• after the fear conditioning test, mice show atrophy of the midbrain
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• after the fear conditioning test, mice show atrophy of the hippocampus
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• after the fear conditioning test, mice show a reduced thickness of the cortical layer
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homeostasis/metabolism
• after the fear conditioning test, mice receive a significantly higher number of electric shocks than wild-type controls in a modified treadmill test, indicating that their running ability is impaired
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• in culture, primary hippocampal neurons obtained from E17 fetuses show augmented basal protein synthesis levels relative to wild-type neurons
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cellular
• mice show induction of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress markers in the hippocampus
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• in culture, primary hippocampal neurons obtained from E17 fetuses show augmented basal protein synthesis levels relative to wild-type neurons
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reproductive system
N |
• although expression of the long isoform is normally detected in the wild-type testis, both male and female mice are fertile
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