Analysis Tools
mortality/aging
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• when fed a low-iron (1.8 to 2 ppm Fe) diet a significant number of mice die with 20 weeks, wild-type mice on the same diet survive
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hematopoietic system
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• iron-deficient diet induced stress-erythropoesis is attenuated compared to diet matched wild-type controls with erythroblast differentiation blocked at the population I stage in the bone marrow
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• increase in immature erythroid precursor cells (population II+III) in the spleen, suggesting compensatory erythropoiesis in the spleen
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• decrease in the total number of Ter-119+ cells and increase in the number of basophilic erythroblasts in the bone marrow indicating impaired erythroid maturation
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• in the bone marrow
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• decreased on a normal chow diet
• after 8 weeks on a low iron diet, hematocrits are significantly lower
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• macrophages have higher concentrations of cellular iron, copper, sulfur, and calcium
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• decrease in the number of reticuloendothelial macrophages
• iron-deficient diet restores the number of mature reticuloendothelial macrophages and balance in monocyte populations to wild-type levels
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• darkened spleen with dark intracellular pigments
• dark, pigmented inclusions are present
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• increase in iron due to the accumulation of heme
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• tissue-resident macrophages in the bone-marrow, spleen, and liver accumulate hemozoin crystals in enlarged lysozymes
• when macrophages are forced to undergo apoptosis the hemozoin crystals are extruded into the interstitial space but do not appear to be bioavailable
• cells accumulate more heme during erythrophagocytosis but show reduced reactive oxygen species and ratio of oxidized to reduced glutathione levels and appear to have increased heme tolerance
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homeostasis/metabolism
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• significantly elevated serum ferritin
• after 5 weeks on an iron-deficient diet serum ferritin levels remain elevated
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• macrophages have higher concentrations of cellular iron, copper, sulfur, and calcium
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• macrophages have higher concentrations of cellular iron, copper, sulfur, and calcium
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• increase in iron in the bone marrow due to the accumulation of heme
• macrophages have higher concentrations of cellular iron, copper, sulfur, and calcium
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• increase in iron due to the accumulation of heme
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• increase in iron due to the accumulation of heme
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• macrophages have higher concentrations of cellular iron, copper, sulfur, and calcium
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liver/biliary system
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• darkened liver with dark intracellular pigments
• dark, pigmented inclusions are present
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• increase in iron due to the accumulation of heme
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skeleton
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• darkened bone marrow with dark intracellular pigments
• dark, pigmented inclusions are present
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growth/size/body
immune system
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• macrophages have higher concentrations of cellular iron, copper, sulfur, and calcium
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• decrease in the number of reticuloendothelial macrophages
• iron-deficient diet restores the number of mature reticuloendothelial macrophages and balance in monocyte populations to wild-type levels
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• darkened spleen with dark intracellular pigments
• dark, pigmented inclusions are present
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• increase in iron due to the accumulation of heme
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• tissue-resident macrophages in the bone-marrow, spleen, and liver accumulate hemozoin crystals in enlarged lysozymes
• when macrophages are forced to undergo apoptosis the hemozoin crystals are extruded into the interstitial space but do not appear to be bioavailable
• cells accumulate more heme during erythrophagocytosis but show reduced reactive oxygen species and ratio of oxidized to reduced glutathione levels and appear to have increased heme tolerance
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