integument
• skin is more vulnerable to inflammation caused by the proinflammatory agent 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)
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neoplasm
• mice treated with 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) followed by TPA show an increase in total tumor numbers and in tumor size; some of the largest tumors are accompanied by moderate-to-severe ulceration
• 3 of 25 tumors in DMBA- and TPA-treated mice show characteristics of squamous cell carcinoma (dyskeratosis, numerous mitoses, severe disturbances of stratification) compared to control mice in which all tumors are benign squamous cell papillomas
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immune system
• skin is more vulnerable to inflammation caused by the proinflammatory agent 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA)
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homeostasis/metabolism
N |
• mice exhibit normal glucose metabolism, weight, and high-fat induced obesity
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• mice treated with 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) followed by TPA show an increase in total tumor numbers and in tumor size; some of the largest tumors are accompanied by moderate-to-severe ulceration
• 3 of 25 tumors in DMBA- and TPA-treated mice show characteristics of squamous cell carcinoma (dyskeratosis, numerous mitoses, severe disturbances of stratification) compared to control mice in which all tumors are benign squamous cell papillomas
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