All Phenotypes Mirc33<em1Smoc> MGI Mouse

• at the onset of puberty, females are significantly lighter than wild-type controls

postnatal growth retardation ( J:324059 )

reproductive system phenotype ( J:324059 )

N	• at 8 weeks of age, male mice exhibit normal testis and seminal vesicle weight to body weight ratio

decreased corpora lutea number ( J:324059 )

• although early ovarian follicles develop normally, the number of corpora lutea per ovary is significantly lower than in wild-type females

• however, corpora lutea formation is rescued by exogenous gonadotropin injection

decreased ovary weight ( J:324059 )

• wet ovary weight to body weight ratio is significantly decreased at 8 weeks of age

abnormal ovary physiology ( J:324059 )

• expression of Cyp11a1, which is essential to the level of sex hormones, is significantly decreased in the ovary

• however, ovarian expression of Cyp19a1 and Cyp17a1, encoding enzymes involved in estradiol and testosterone synthesis, is normal

decreased uterus weight ( J:324059 )

• uterus weight to body weight ratio is significantly decreased at 8 weeks of age

delayed vaginal opening ( J:324059 )

• vaginal opening occurs 5 days later (P28) than in wild-type females (P23)

decreased ovulation rate ( J:324059 )

• during natural ovulation, only 2 oocytes were collected from the oviducts of 20 females with a visible plug

• however, ovulation is rescued by exogenous gonadotropin injection

abnormal estrous cycle ( J:324059 )

• females display irregular estrous cycles

prolonged diestrus ( J:324059 )

• females spend significantly more time in diestrus

short estrus ( J:324059 )

• females spend significantly less time in estrus

short metestrus ( J:324059 )

• females spend significantly less time in metestrus

female infertility ( J:324059 )

• 23 of the 25 virgin 8-week-old females tested failed to conceive within 1 month of mating and were defined as sterile

reduced female fertility ( J:324059 )

• 2 of the 25 virgin 8-week-old females tested gave birth to 2 pups each but did not become subsequently pregnant

decreased litter size ( J:324059 )

• females produce a mean litter size of 2 pups/litter versus 7.6 pups/litter in wild-type females

reduced male fertility ( J:324059 )

• 66.7% of 8-week-old males were still fertile

decreased fertilization frequency ( J:324059 )

• during natural ovulation, only 2 oocytes were collected from the oviducts of 20 females with a visible plug and no 2-cell embryos were found the following day

• however, the number of 2-cell embryos obtained is restored to nearly wild-type levels after exogenous gonadotropin injection

abnormal pituitary gland physiology ( J:324059 )

• gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor (GnRHR)-immunoreactivity is significantly increased in the pituitary

hypopituitarism ( J:324059 )

• females show impaired pituitary hormone secretion, especially LH released

homeostasis/metabolism phenotype ( J:324059 )

N	• female mice show normal serum follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), testosterone and estradiol (E2) levels

decreased circulating luteinizing hormone level ( J:324059 )

• females show a significant reduction in serum luteinizing hormone (LH) levels

• despite normal GnRH responsiveness in the pituitary, serum LH levels remain markedly below wild-type levels after i.p. injection of exogenous GnRH

• after ovariectomy, females fail to show a significant rise in serum LH levels unlike ovariectomized wild-type females, indicating a block in LH secretion

• however, rise in serum FSH levels is relatively normal after ovariectomy

decreased circulating progesterone level ( J:324059 )

• females show a significant reduction in serum progesterone (P4) levels

abnormal enzyme/coenzyme level ( J:324059 )

• expression of Cyp11a1, which is essential to the level of sex hormones, is significantly decreased in the ovary

• however, ovarian expression of Cyp19a1 and Cyp17a1, encoding enzymes involved in estradiol and testosterone synthesis, is normal

increased luteinizing hormone level ( J:324059 )

• LH protein levels and immunoreactivity are significantly increased in the pituitary

abnormal mating frequency ( J:324059 )

• females show a significant lower mating frequency than wild-type females

decreased corpora lutea number ( J:324059 )

• although early ovarian follicles develop normally, the number of corpora lutea per ovary is significantly lower than in wild-type females

• however, corpora lutea formation is rescued by exogenous gonadotropin injection

decreased ovary weight ( J:324059 )

• wet ovary weight to body weight ratio is significantly decreased at 8 weeks of age

abnormal pituitary gland physiology ( J:324059 )

• gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor (GnRHR)-immunoreactivity is significantly increased in the pituitary

hypopituitarism ( J:324059 )

• females show impaired pituitary hormone secretion, especially LH released

abnormal ovary physiology ( J:324059 )

• expression of Cyp11a1, which is essential to the level of sex hormones, is significantly decreased in the ovary

• however, ovarian expression of Cyp19a1 and Cyp17a1, encoding enzymes involved in estradiol and testosterone synthesis, is normal

abnormal vesicle-mediated transport ( J:324059 )

• females show abnormal expression of several proteins involved in vesicular transport in the pituitary

abnormal exocytosis ( J:324059 )

• females show abnormal expression of several proteins involved in exocytosis in the pituitary

♀	phenotype observed in females
♂	phenotype observed in males
N	normal phenotype

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