Analysis Tools
reproductive system
azoospermia
(
J:326601
)
 |
• no spermatozoa are detected in the lumen of seminiferous tubules
• epididymis smears indicate complete depletion of sperm
|
|
|
• multinucleated round giant cells containing primary spermatocytes are observed in the seminiferous tubules
• abnormal multinucleated round giant cells are observed in epididymis sections
• cells present in cysts are arrested in late-pachytene and diplotene-like stages; pan-cadherin staining showed that multinucleated rounded giant cells are contained in the same cytoplasm, indicating changes in cyst conformation and/or cytokinesis
|
|
|
• MLH1 expression showed an increased number of chiasma points
|
|
|
• TUNEL assays showed that multinucleated round giant cells contained in cysts are mostly alive in the seminiferous tubules but enter apoptosis when they reach the epididymis
• spermatocytes are thus eliminated by apoptosis in the epididymis
|
|
|
• at 8 weeks of age, tubules show abnormal morphology features, such as multinucleated round giant cells containing primary spermatocytes and absence of spermatozoa in the lumen
|
small testis
(
J:326601
)
|
|
• at 8 weeks of age, testis size is half the size of wild-type testis
|
|
|
• at 8 weeks of age, testis weight is half the weight of wild-type testis
|
|
|
• no secondary spermatocytes or spermatids are detected; SYCP3, SYCP1 and H1T expression analysis showed alterations during pachytene/diplotene transition resulting in a meiotic arrest in a diplotene like stage
• at pachytene, the number of MLH1 foci is significantly increased, indicating a higher number of recombination sites
• moreover, late-pachytene and diplotene spermatocytes show reduced sex body condensation
|
cellular
azoospermia
(
J:326601
)
|
|
• no spermatozoa are detected in the lumen of seminiferous tubules
• epididymis smears indicate complete depletion of sperm
|
|
|
• multinucleated round giant cells containing primary spermatocytes are observed in the seminiferous tubules
• abnormal multinucleated round giant cells are observed in epididymis sections
• cells present in cysts are arrested in late-pachytene and diplotene-like stages; pan-cadherin staining showed that multinucleated rounded giant cells are contained in the same cytoplasm, indicating changes in cyst conformation and/or cytokinesis
|
|
|
• MLH1 expression showed an increased number of chiasma points
|
|
|
• no secondary spermatocytes or spermatids are detected; SYCP3, SYCP1 and H1T expression analysis showed alterations during pachytene/diplotene transition resulting in a meiotic arrest in a diplotene like stage
• at pachytene, the number of MLH1 foci is significantly increased, indicating a higher number of recombination sites
• moreover, late-pachytene and diplotene spermatocytes show reduced sex body condensation
|
|
|
• TUNEL assays showed that multinucleated round giant cells contained in cysts are mostly alive in the seminiferous tubules but enter apoptosis when they reach the epididymis
• spermatocytes are thus eliminated by apoptosis in the epididymis
|
endocrine/exocrine glands
|
|
• at 8 weeks of age, tubules show abnormal morphology features, such as multinucleated round giant cells containing primary spermatocytes and absence of spermatozoa in the lumen
|
small testis
(
J:326601
)
|
|
• at 8 weeks of age, testis size is half the size of wild-type testis
|
|
|
• at 8 weeks of age, testis weight is half the weight of wild-type testis
|
