reproductive system
• mice develop gestational hypertension
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cardiovascular system
• the glomerular filtration barrier of kidneys from pregnant mice shows prominent endothelial cells but no evidence of glomerular endotheliosis
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• a higher density of CD31+ vessels is seen in the decidua of placentas
• losartan treatment of pregnant mice starting at E14.5 ameliorates the microscopic vascular placenta abnormalities
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• mice develop gestational hypertension; systolic blood pressure increases with gestational age among pregnant mice and is significantly elevated at E17.5
• however, postpartum, blood pressure normalization occurs
• pregnant mice treated with the angiotensin II receptor blocker losartan starting at E14.5 show normalization of blood pressure to wild-type levels
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embryo
N |
• weights of embryos and placentas at E17.5 are similar to wild-type litters and no differences in placental architecture, trophoblast morphology in the junctional zone, or labyrinth layers are seen
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• placentas show higher renin levels
• extracellular matrix proteins laminin, nidogen-1, and type IV collage alpha1 are increased in the junctional zone and decidua of placenta
• losartan treatment of pregnant mice starting at E14.5 ameliorates the basement membrane abnormalities seen in placentas
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• a higher density of CD31+ vessels is seen in the decidua of placentas
• losartan treatment of pregnant mice starting at E14.5 ameliorates the microscopic vascular placenta abnormalities
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• pregnant mice injected with hypoxyprobe at E17.5 show increased staining for hypoxyprobe in the junctional zone indicating some placental hypoxia by late gestation
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homeostasis/metabolism
N |
• no differences in proteinuria are seen between nonpregnant and pregnant mice
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renal/urinary system
• the glomerular filtration barrier of kidneys from pregnant mice shows prominent endothelial cells but no evidence of glomerular endotheliosis
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• the glomerular filtration barrier of kidneys from pregnant mice shows rare areas containing edematous podocyte foot processes but no evidence of podocyte foot process effacement
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