growth/size/body
• slight but significant decrease in body weight at 4 weeks of age
|
behavior/neurological
• mice show less freezing behavior in response to the context-dependent stimuli impaired fear memory retrieval
|
• mice show less freezing behavior in response to the cue-dependent stimuli indicating impaired fear memory retrieval
|
• mice show slower spatial learning in the Barnes maze test, with a higher error number in the first and second day of training
|
• 8-week-old mice spend less time and travel less distance in the center of the open-field chamber than wild-type time, while the total travel distance in the chamber does not differ
• in the elevated plus maze, mice spend less time and travel less distance in the open arm than wild-type mice, while the total travel distance in both the open arm and closed arm is longer, indicating anxiety-like behavior
|
nervous system
• mice exhibit an increase in the immature filopodia-like spines and a decrease in mushroom-type spines, indicating immature spine formation
• however, no obvious difference in the population of hippocampal and cortical neurons and glial cells in 8-week-old mice
|
• hippocampal and cortical neurons exhibit a decrease in mushroom type spines in 8-week-old mice
|
• density of dendritic spines is decreased in hippocampal neurons
|
• hippocampal and cortical neurons exhibit an increase in thin dendritic spines in 8-week-old mice
|
• decrease in the length and width of postsynaptic density in both hippocampal and cortical neurons
|
• the normalized pEPSP slope of theta burst stimulation-evoked long term potentiation (LTP) shows a 50% reduction in hippocampus
|
• the low-frequency stimulation induces only a slight decrease in the population excitatory postsynaptic potential (pEPSP) slope in hippocampal slices suggesting that long term depression (LTD) formation is impaired in the hippocampus
|
cardiovascular system
N |
• no morphological changes in the heart
|
liver/biliary system
N |
• no morphological changes in the liver
|
renal/urinary system
N |
• no morphological changes in the kidney
|
reproductive system
N |
• no morphological changes in the testis
|
Mouse Models of Human Disease |
DO ID | OMIM ID(s) | Ref(s) | |
non-syndromic X-linked intellectual disability 9 | DOID:0112034 |
OMIM:309549 |
J:328916 |