mortality/aging
• fewer than expected homozygous embryos are detected at the four- to eight-cell stage
• however, most homozygous embryos are able to form morphological blastocysts
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• no homozygous embryos are produced from heterozygous cross-matings, with lethality occurring soon after implantation; no viable homozygotes are detected by E7.5
• survival to the blastocyst stage is possibly due to the persistence of maternal protein within the early embryo
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embryo
• in vitro, blastocysts generally fail to produce a normal Oct3/4+ pluripotent epiblast after 96 h of culture
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reproductive system
• in vitro, blastocysts frequently show reduced expansion and either fail to produce outgrowths or produce outgrowths of a smaller size relative to heterozygous or wild-type embryos
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homeostasis/metabolism
• embryos derived from heterozygous crosses have variable but generally lower levels of protein synthesis than embryos derived from wild-type crosses
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cellular
• embryos derived from heterozygous crosses have variable but generally lower levels of protein synthesis than embryos derived from wild-type crosses
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