reproductive system
• sperm concentration is decreased
• mice show a reduction in only the population of haploid cells (round and/or elongated spermatids) and not in 2n and 4n germ cells
|
• over 80% of sperm show morphological abnormalities in the neck, midpiece, head and tail
|
• spermatids exhibit fewer acrosomal structures and acrosomal cap structures that are discontinuous, abnormally fragmented and with malformations
|
• testes show some near-empty seminiferous tubules, disorganized tubules with abnormal spermatids and few spermatozoa
|
small testis
(
J:338977
)
|
• sperm show reduced viability
|
• sperm show reduced motility
|
endocrine/exocrine glands
• testes show some near-empty seminiferous tubules, disorganized tubules with abnormal spermatids and few spermatozoa
|
small testis
(
J:338977
)
|
cellular
• sperm concentration is decreased
• mice show a reduction in only the population of haploid cells (round and/or elongated spermatids) and not in 2n and 4n germ cells
|
• over 80% of sperm show morphological abnormalities in the neck, midpiece, head and tail
|
• spermatids exhibit fewer acrosomal structures and acrosomal cap structures that are discontinuous, abnormally fragmented and with malformations
|
• sperm show reduced motility
|