skeleton
• osteoclasts derived from bone marrow macrophages grown in the presence of M-CSF and RANKL show inhibition of osteoclast multinucleation, despite the presence of TRAP+ mononuclear cells
• osteoclasts still fail to form multinucleated osteoclasts when M-CSF concentration is increased
• during osteoclast differentiation, osteoclasts form actin rings but do not form actin belts and differentiation-related markers are reduced
• an increase in trabecular bone mass and decrease in osteoclast activity on the trabecular surface suggests inhibited osteoclast differentiation
• however, serum TRAcP 5b levels are normal, indicating normal osteoclast numbers
• however, osteoblast differentiation and function are unaffected and no difference in epiphyseal cartilage are seen
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• bone resorption activity is reduced in osteoclasts
• however, no difference in the rate of bone formation is seen
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• 3-month-old females exhibit an increase in total bone mineral density of femur and lumbar vertebrae
• the gradual decrease in total bone mineral density of the femur and lumbar spine over time that is seen in wild-type mice is not seen in mutant mice
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• total bone mineral density of the femur is increased in 3-month-old females
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• percent bone volume/tissue volume (BV/TV) ratio is increased in 3-month-old females
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• trabecular number of the femur are increased in 3-month-old females
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• trabecular spacing of the femur is decreased in 3-month-old females
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• bone mass is increased in young and aged females
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hematopoietic system
• osteoclasts derived from bone marrow macrophages grown in the presence of M-CSF and RANKL show inhibition of osteoclast multinucleation, despite the presence of TRAP+ mononuclear cells
• osteoclasts still fail to form multinucleated osteoclasts when M-CSF concentration is increased
• during osteoclast differentiation, osteoclasts form actin rings but do not form actin belts and differentiation-related markers are reduced
• an increase in trabecular bone mass and decrease in osteoclast activity on the trabecular surface suggests inhibited osteoclast differentiation
• however, serum TRAcP 5b levels are normal, indicating normal osteoclast numbers
• however, osteoblast differentiation and function are unaffected and no difference in epiphyseal cartilage are seen
|
• bone resorption activity is reduced in osteoclasts
• however, no difference in the rate of bone formation is seen
|
immune system
• osteoclasts derived from bone marrow macrophages grown in the presence of M-CSF and RANKL show inhibition of osteoclast multinucleation, despite the presence of TRAP+ mononuclear cells
• osteoclasts still fail to form multinucleated osteoclasts when M-CSF concentration is increased
• during osteoclast differentiation, osteoclasts form actin rings but do not form actin belts and differentiation-related markers are reduced
• an increase in trabecular bone mass and decrease in osteoclast activity on the trabecular surface suggests inhibited osteoclast differentiation
• however, serum TRAcP 5b levels are normal, indicating normal osteoclast numbers
• however, osteoblast differentiation and function are unaffected and no difference in epiphyseal cartilage are seen
|
• bone resorption activity is reduced in osteoclasts
• however, no difference in the rate of bone formation is seen
|
cellular
• during osteoclast differentiation, osteoclasts form actin rings but do not form actin belts and differentiation-related markers are reduced
• osteoclasts derived from bone marrow macrophages grown in the presence of M-CSF and RANKL show inhibition of osteoclast multinucleation, despite the presence of TRAP+ mononuclear cells
• osteoclasts still fail to form multinucleated osteoclasts when M-CSF concentration is increased
• an increase in trabecular bone mass and decrease in osteoclast activity on the trabecular surface suggests inhibited osteoclast differentiation
• however, serum TRAcP 5b levels are normal, indicating normal osteoclast numbers
• however, osteoblast differentiation and function are unaffected and no difference in epiphyseal cartilage are seen
|