growth/size/body
muscle
• primary skeletal muscle myoblasts from the leg muscles show increased number of myotubes and increased myoblast fusion rate, as determined by the greater number of nuclei in each myotube, indicating increased myoblast differentiation
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• primary skeletal muscle myoblasts from the leg muscles show increased myoblast fusion rate
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• migration of primary myoblasts is increased in a wound healing assay
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• the mean cross-sectional area and diameter of individual myofibers are larger than in wild-type mice
• mice have a higher proportion of larger myofibers
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• mice exhibit more total muscle fibers than wild-type mice
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• gastrocnemius, tibialis anterior, and quadriceps muscle weights are increased
• the ratio of muscle to body weight is increased
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• mice injected with cardiotoxin to induce muscle injury show accelerated muscle regeneration, with replacement of most of the inflammatory myofibers by newly formed myofibers at 11 and 15 days after cardiotoxin injection and complete muscle regeneration and repair at 19 days
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limbs/digits/tail
cellular
• primary myoblasts cultured in a serum-free medium show increased adhesion
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• primary skeletal muscle myoblasts from the leg muscles show increased number of myotubes and increased myoblast fusion rate, as determined by the greater number of nuclei in each myotube, indicating increased myoblast differentiation
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• primary skeletal muscle myoblasts from the leg muscles show increased myoblast fusion rate
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• migration of primary myoblasts is increased in a wound healing assay
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