Analysis Tools
growth/size/body
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• both males and females exhibit the same degree of dwarfism by 9 weeks of age, with body weight and body length reduced
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• before and around the time of weaning at P21, mice start to show a reduction in body weight and by 8 weeks of age, mice show severe growth failure
• however, no gross anatomical abnormalities in the axial skeleton, appendages, and cartilage are seen in pups at P1 and birth weight is normal
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skeleton
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• skeletal dysplasia
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short femur
(
J:345905
)
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• adults exhibit much shorter femoral bones
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• growth plate of proximal tibia shows reduced proliferative zone length
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• much thinner growth plate
• however, the hypertrophic zone length is not different
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homeostasis/metabolism
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• serum IGF-1, IGFBP3, and IGF acid labile subunit (IGFALS) levels are reduced
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• random-fed blood glucose levels are lower
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• serum insulin levels are lower in females and tend to be lower in males
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• serum calcium levels are reduced
• however, serum phosphate levels and the calcium/phosphate ratio are not different
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hematopoietic system
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• males show lower spleen weight
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immune system
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• males show lower spleen weight
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limbs/digits/tail
short femur
(
J:345905
)
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• adults exhibit much shorter femoral bones
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liver/biliary system
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• males show lower relative liver weight
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muscle
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• mice show lower skeletal muscle (gastrocnemius) weight
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nervous system
renal/urinary system
reproductive system
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• litter size is in general about 30-40% smaller
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