digestive/alimentary system
• the commensal microbiome in the esophagus is modified, with an increase in the portion of Proteobacteria and a decrease in Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Cyanobacteria
• the abundance of Ruminococcaceae and Lachnospiraceae bacteria, which are increased in the intestine of patients with milk allergy, is decreased compared to wild-type mice
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immune system
• mice show impaired esophageal allergic inflammation; mice in which esophageal allergic inflammation was induced intranasally via chicken egg albumin (OVA) show increased expression of serum IgE comparable to wild-type controls, however the number of eosinophils in the esophagus is decreased 3-fold compared to wild-type controls
• OVA-treated mice do not show epithelial thickening as seen in wild-type controls
• OVA-treated mice have a 40% decrease in the percent of eosinophils in the blood compared to OVA-treated controls
• however, blood mast cell protease I (marker of mast cell load and degranulation) is comparable to wild-type
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