All Phenotypes Ninj2<em1Cqxu> MGI Mouse

decreased subcutaneous adipose tissue amount ( J:332575 )

• content of subcutaneous inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) is lower after 5 months of feeding with a high-fat diet

abnormal adipose tissue development ( J:332575 )

• mice fed a high-fat diet show reduced number of new proliferating cells in adipose tissue indicating impaired adipogenesis

whitened brown adipose tissue morphology ( J:332575 )

• mice fed a high-fat diet show more severe whitening of brown adipose tissue than controls

abnormal fat cell morphology ( J:332575 )

• adipocytes accumulate lower levels of triglycerides

abnormal fat cell differentiation ( J:332575 )

• ability of preadipocytes to differentiate into mature adipocytes is reduced in an in vitro differentiation model

decreased white fat cell number ( J:332575 )

• mice have fewer adipocytes

increased fat cell size ( J:332575 )

• adipocytes are larger in size

white adipose tissue inflammation ( J:332575 )

• mice fed a high-fat diet show increased infiltration of F4/80+ macrophages in epididymal white adipose tissue (eWAT), indicating inflammation of adipose tissue

• mice fed a high-fat diet show elevated IL-6, but not TNF or CCL2, mRNA expression in eWAT

abnormal fat cell differentiation ( J:332575 )

• ability of preadipocytes to differentiate into mature adipocytes is reduced in an in vitro differentiation model

weight loss ( J:332575 )

• mice fed a normal chow diet show normal weight at birth, loss of body weight before 3 weeks of age, and no difference in weight after 3 weeks of age

• however, mice fed a high-fat diet from age 8 to 10 weeks show no difference in body weight

increased circulating glucose level ( J:332575 )

• mice exhibit increased nonfasting blood glucose levels at P5, P10, P17, 1 month, and 3 months of age when fed a normal chow diet

increased fasting circulating glucose level ( J:332575 )

• mice exhibit increased fasting blood glucose levels at 8 weeks of age when fed a normal chow diet

• mice fed a high-fat diet for 5 months starting at 8 weeks of age exhibit increased fasting blood glucose levels

• however, serum levels of triglycerides, leptin, adiponectin, and TNF-alpha are unchanged in high-fat diet fed mice

increased circulating insulin level ( J:332575 )

• mice fed a high-fat diet show increased fasting serum insulin levels

• however, fasting serum insulin levels in mice fed a regular chow diet are normal

abnormal gluconeogenesis ( J:332575 )

• mice fed a high-fat diet for 2 months show more severe sodium pyruvate intolerance than controls

impaired glucose tolerance ( J:332575 )

• on a normal chow diet, exogenous glucose is cleared more slowly and gluconeogenesis capacity is higher

• mice fed a high-fat diet show for 2 months show more severe glucose intolerance than controls

decreased liver glycogen level ( J:332575 )

• mice fed a high-fat diet show less glycogen accumulation in the liver

insulin resistance ( J:332575 )

• under regular diet feeding, the homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) is increased despite a lack of differences in fasting serum insulin levels

• insulin tolerance test shows reduced insulin sensitivity

• mice fed a high-fat diet show increased HOMA-IR

• mice fed a high-fat diet show for 2 months show more severe insulin resistance than controls

increased skeletal muscle triglyceride level ( J:332575 )

• triglyceride content in muscle tissue is increased in mice fed a chow diet

• mice fed a high-fat diet show elevated muscle triglyceride levels