renal/urinary system
• bladder urothelium exhibits hyperplasia with distinct expansion of the basal undifferentiated layer
• about 70% of urothelial cells are basal cells compared to intermediate cells being the most dominant cell population in wild-type urothelium
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neoplasm
• mice show increased susceptibility to N-butyl-N-(4-hydrdoxybutyl)nitrosamine (BBN)-induced bladder cancer, developing higher numbers of tumors than in wild-type mice
• mice sensitized with BBN develop intraurothelial precursor lesions that lead to carcinoma in situ characterized by the proliferation of undifferentiated KRT5/6-positive cells, consistent with the basal variant of carcinoma in situ
• tumors are high-grade invasive urothelial carcinomas that are poorly differentiated, with focal squamous features recapitulating basal urothelial carcinomas of the bladder
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homeostasis/metabolism
• mice show increased susceptibility to N-butyl-N-(4-hydrdoxybutyl)nitrosamine (BBN)-induced bladder cancer, developing higher numbers of tumors than in wild-type mice
• mice sensitized with BBN develop intraurothelial precursor lesions that lead to carcinoma in situ characterized by the proliferation of undifferentiated KRT5/6-positive cells, consistent with the basal variant of carcinoma in situ
• tumors are high-grade invasive urothelial carcinomas that are poorly differentiated, with focal squamous features recapitulating basal urothelial carcinomas of the bladder
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