Analysis Tools
reproductive system
 N |
• no gross abnormalities in testes size or weight
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• in the base membrane of stages VIIVIII seminiferous tubules and at stage IX there are unreleased sperm heads arranged along the lumen
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• abnormally folded
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• abnormal axonal microtubules which appear in 11 + 2 or 5+ 2 structures
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• increased space between the nuclear and inner acrosomal membranes as well as the cytoplasmic membrane
• an intact connecting piece is not observed with the capitulum and segmented columns are only partially formed or absent
• the nine triclinic microtubules of the proximal centrioles are incomplete or irregular
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• folding and swelling of the mitochondrial sheath
• sheaths are partially formed or abnormally stacked
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• in headless tails
• incomplete and irregularly arranged ODFs and axonemal microtubules
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• spermatozoa released from the caput, corpus, and cauda epididymis are exclusively headless tails and tailless heads
• head-tail detachment occurs before the release into the epididymis
• both the heads and tails are separately wrapped with intact plasma membranes indicating that separation occurs before sperm maturation
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• abnormally swollen
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• increased numbers of round and elongated spermatids in the stage IV - VI seminiferous tubules
• increase in the number of elongated spermatids in stage IX seminiferous tubules due to spermatids not being released and remaining in the lumen of the tubule
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• males but not females, are infertile
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cellular
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• abnormally folded
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• abnormal axonal microtubules which appear in 11 + 2 or 5+ 2 structures
|
|
|
• increased space between the nuclear and inner acrosomal membranes as well as the cytoplasmic membrane
• an intact connecting piece is not observed with the capitulum and segmented columns are only partially formed or absent
• the nine triclinic microtubules of the proximal centrioles are incomplete or irregular
|
|
|
• folding and swelling of the mitochondrial sheath
• sheaths are partially formed or abnormally stacked
|
|
|
• in headless tails
• incomplete and irregularly arranged ODFs and axonemal microtubules
|
|
|
• spermatozoa released from the caput, corpus, and cauda epididymis are exclusively headless tails and tailless heads
• head-tail detachment occurs before the release into the epididymis
• both the heads and tails are separately wrapped with intact plasma membranes indicating that separation occurs before sperm maturation
|
|
|
• abnormally swollen
|
|
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• increased numbers of round and elongated spermatids in the stage IV - VI seminiferous tubules
• increase in the number of elongated spermatids in stage IX seminiferous tubules due to spermatids not being released and remaining in the lumen of the tubule
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• increase in apoptotic nuclei in seminiferous tubules
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Mouse Models of Human Disease |
DO ID | OMIM ID(s) | Ref(s) | |
| male infertility due to acephalic spermatozoa | DOID:0112311 | J:351297 | ||
