Analysis Tools
cellular
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• sperm transport within the mutant female reproductive system is significantly impaired: the average number of sperm found in mutant oviducts is only ~10% of wild-type
• however, no differences in capacitation of oviductal sperm are observed
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mortality/aging
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• reduced ability to respond to lung infection elicited with Pseudomonas aeruginosa- laden agarose beads
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• only 8% of homozygous animals survive to 35 days of age
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homeostasis/metabolism
| N |
• although mutant FSH levels are slightly increased relative to wild-type levels, circulating levels of both FSH and LH still remain within normal range at proestrus
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• homozygotes exhibit a membrane lipid imbalance characterized by an increase in phospholipid-bound arachidonic acid (AA) and a decrease in phospholipid-bound docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), that is most pronounced in the pancreas, lung and ileum, organs affected in cystic fibrosis, and in the heart
• oral administration of DHA reverses the membrane lipid imbalance
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digestive/alimentary system
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• zymogen granule accumulation at the apical pole of the acinar cells
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• massive luminal dilatation
• oral administration of DHA reverses the pancreatic phenotype
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• ileal hypertrophy; villus height is increased
• oral administration of DHA restores villus height to normal
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• develop intestinal blockage when fed a normal (solid) diet
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• forskoliin responses in the cecum are small, variable and frequently depolarizing
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respiratory system
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• homozygotes exposed to Pseudomonas LPS daily for 3 days exhibit enhanced lung inflammation, as indicated by a significant increase in neutrophil concentration compared to wild-type
(J:58571)
• oral administration of DHA blocks the enhanced neutrophil infiltration in response to Pseudomonas LPS
(J:58571)
• increased inflammatory response to chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection
(J:112450)
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• after treatment with a chloride-depleted solution with amiloride and forskolin, the nasal potential difference (PD) was significantly different between control mice and homozygous mice
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• after amiloride administration, the nasal potential difference (PD) was significantly different between control mice and homozygous mice
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growth/size/body
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• at 6-8 and 14-16 weeks of age, total body weight is reduced by only 15% and 12%, respectively, thus not explaining the larger differences noted in average weight of reproductive organs (~50% and 36%, respectively)
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• weighed significantly less (P 0.05) than homozygote wild-type controls at 7, 14, and 21 days of age
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immune system
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• homozygotes exposed to Pseudomonas LPS daily for 3 days exhibit enhanced lung inflammation, as indicated by a significant increase in neutrophil concentration compared to wild-type
(J:58571)
• oral administration of DHA blocks the enhanced neutrophil infiltration in response to Pseudomonas LPS
(J:58571)
• increased inflammatory response to chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection
(J:112450)
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• reduced ability to respond to lung infection elicited with Pseudomonas aeruginosa- laden agarose beads
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endocrine/exocrine glands
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• zymogen granule accumulation at the apical pole of the acinar cells
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• massive luminal dilatation
• oral administration of DHA reverses the pancreatic phenotype
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• female homozygotes show an average of 1.5 +/- 2.0 corpora lutea per ovary vs 9.3 +/- 1.4 in wild-type females, even though other follicle stages are present
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small ovary
(
J:145380
)
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• at 7 weeks of age, female homozygotes display smaller ovaries than wild-type females
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• at 6-8 and 14-16 weeks of age, the average weight of mutant ovaries is reduced by 50% and 36%, respectively, relative to that of wild-type ovaries
• however, mutant ovarian weight is restored to wild-type values after superovulation
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reproductive system
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• sperm transport within the mutant female reproductive system is significantly impaired: the average number of sperm found in mutant oviducts is only ~10% of wild-type
• however, no differences in capacitation of oviductal sperm are observed
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• female homozygotes show an average of 1.5 +/- 2.0 corpora lutea per ovary vs 9.3 +/- 1.4 in wild-type females, even though other follicle stages are present
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small ovary
(
J:145380
)
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• at 7 weeks of age, female homozygotes display smaller ovaries than wild-type females
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• at 6-8 and 14-16 weeks of age, the average weight of mutant ovaries is reduced by 50% and 36%, respectively, relative to that of wild-type ovaries
• however, mutant ovarian weight is restored to wild-type values after superovulation
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• only 1 of 15 female homozygotes showed cervical mucus accumulation with no other physical signs of obstruction in the uterus
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small uterus
(
J:145380
)
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• at 7 weeks of age, female homozygotes display smaller uteri than wild-type females
• however, no physical signs of obstruction are observed in the uterus
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• at 6-8 and 14-16 weeks of age, the average weight of mutant uteri is reduced by 56% and 36%, respectively, relative to that of wild-type uteri
• however, mutant uterus weight is restored to wild-type values after superovulation
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thin uterus
(
J:145380
)
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• mutant uteri are thinner than wild-type
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• female homozygotes display a delayed onset of puberty relative to wild-type controls
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• female homozygotes display reduced oocyte ovulation rates relative to wild-type females
• however, normal ovulation rates are observed after superovulation with exogenous hormone (PMSG + hCG) injections
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• unlike wild-type females, 41.7% of 14-16-wk-old mutant females never enter estrus but are constantly in diestrus
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• at 14-16 weeks of age, female homozygotes that display at least one estrous cycle show half as many cycles as wild-type females, resulting in a 2-fold increase in average cycle length
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• female homozygotes exhibit reduced fertility with significantly fewer numbers of litters and smaller litter sizes relative to wild-type females
• 20% of female homozygotes are unable to give birth over a 5-month mating period
• following induction of superovulation, only 1 of 10 mutant females that displayed vaginal plugs gave birth, but that female did give birth to 20 pups
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• female homozygotes show a significant decrease in average number of pups per litter relative to wild-type females (3.55 +/- 1.92 vs 6.56 +/- 2.36, respectively)
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• at 48 hrs after hCG treatment, 100% of mutant oocytes remain unfertilized, whereas the majority of embryos from superovulated wild-type females are at the 2- to 4-cell stages
• however, no significant differences in in vitro fertilization rates are observed, suggesting that decreased in vivo fertilization is more likely due to inadequate fluid control in the reproductive tract, resulting in decreased sperm number in the oviduct
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Mouse Models of Human Disease |
DO ID | OMIM ID(s) | Ref(s) | |
| cystic fibrosis | DOID:1485 |
OMIM:219700 |
J:58571 , J:112450 | |
