Analysis Tools
integument
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• at ~26 weeks of age, 5% of homozygotes display severe non-healing ulcerations at the face
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• at ~26 weeks of age, 5% of homozygotes display severe non-healing ulcerations at the ears around the eartag
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mortality/aging
| N |
• homozygotes display a normal lifespan relative to wild-type mice
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growth/size/body
| N |
• at 5 weeks of age, homozygotes exhibit a normal body weight relative to wild-type mice
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• at ~26 weeks of age, 5% of homozygotes display severe non-healing ulcerations at the face
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• at ~26 weeks of age, 5% of homozygotes display severe non-healing ulcerations at the ears around the eartag
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cardiovascular system
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• in response to laser-induced injury of the Bruch's membrane, homozygotes display almost complete absence of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) at the site of trauma; in contrast, wild-type mice show a robust neovascular reaction
• resistance to CNV is associated with excessive fibrinogen-fibrin deposition at the site of choroidal trauma and in retinal vessels
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• in response to pressure overload, homozygotes show only minimal signs of maladaptation (i.e. myolysis, fibrosis or increased intercapillary distance) relative to wild-type mice
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• at 7 weeks after TAB, homozygotes exhibit increased LV contractility, indicating normal fractional shortening with no cardiac failure or pulmonary congestion
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• after transverse aortic banding (TAB), i.e. acute pressure overload, homozygotes remain significantly protected against LV hypertrophy for at least 7 weeks
• homozygotes display only a 20% increase in LV/body ratio and only a 22% increase in LV cardiomyocyte size relative to wild-type (~35% and ~40%, respectively)
• at 7 weeks after TAB, LV systolic dysfunction and dilatation are only marginally detectable without signs of pulmonary edema
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digestive/alimentary system
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• at ~22 weeks of age, 9% of homozygotes display rectal prolapse of a non-infectious origin
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hearing/vestibular/ear
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• at ~26 weeks of age, 5% of homozygotes display severe non-healing ulcerations at the ears around the eartag
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hematopoietic system
| N |
• homozygotes exhibit normal spontaneous lysis of a 125I-fibrin-labeled pulmonary plasma clot relative to wild-type
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• at day 7 post-treatment, the decline in macrophage counts coincides with an increase in the percentage of lymphocytes found in the lungs of bleomycin-treated mice
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• 48 hours after intranasal inoculation with S. pneumoniae, homozygotes exhibit an enhanced antibacterial host defense, with less pneumococci in their lungs and increased neutrophil influx in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid but no reduction in mortality relative to wild-type
(J:75573)
• relative to wild-type, purified neutrophils from mutant mice exhibit a ~50% reduction in superoxide production in response to fMLP (a potent chemotaxin and activator of neutrophils) across the entire dose range tested; repletion with murine uPA completely reverses the defect in superoxide generation
(J:91980)
• in response to fMLP, mutant neutrophils exhibit reduced neutrophil exocytosis of azurophilic granules (as shown by reduced myeloperoxidase release); however, this defect is not corrected by repletion with extracellular uPA
(J:91980)
• in contrast, mutant neutrophils show normal agonist-stimulated release of specific granules relative to wild-type neutrophils
(J:91980)
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• in vitro, purified neutrophils from mutant mice exhibit a significant reduction in phagocytosis of E. coli at all time points; repletion with murine uPA substantially reverses the defect in neutrophil phagocytosis
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• in vitro, purified neutrophils from mutant mice display significant defects in several aspects of the antibacterial neutrophil activation process that lead to E. coli killing and effective host defense
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• in contrast to wild-type, homozygotes exhibit no plasminogen-dependent breakdown of 125I-fibrin-labeled matrix and of 3H-proline-labeled subendothelial breakdown by thioglycollate-activated macrohages; invasion of macrophages into the peritoneal cavity remains unaffected
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• 5 days after bleomycin treatment, homozygotes display a peak in lung macrophage levels that coincides with the peak time observed in wild-type mice; however, their marcophage levels are significantly reduced relative to wild-type
• 7 days after bleomycin treatment, mutant and wild-type mice show a similar decrease in the number and percentage of macrophages found in the lung
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immune system
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• at day 7 post-treatment, the decline in macrophage counts coincides with an increase in the percentage of lymphocytes found in the lungs of bleomycin-treated mice
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• bleomycin-treated homozygotes exhibit extensive areas of fibrin(ogen) deposition in the lung interstitium which are associated with areas of fibrosis
(J:63134)
• after laser-induced injury of the Bruch's membrane, homozygotes show massive accumulation of fibrinogen-fibrin both in the retinal vessels, and in the bottom of the laser-induced trauma
(J:82604)
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• homozygotes fail to generate a type 2 immune response following schistosomal antigen challenge
(J:87817)
• in response to schistosomal egg antigen (SEA), homozygotes fail to develop a delayed-type hypersensitivity response to SEA, do not polarize Ig production to IgE, fail to produce high levels of IL-4, IL-5, or IL-13 and generate pulmonary granulomas that are deficient in eosinophils
(J:87817)
• homozygotes fail to generate a type 1 immune response in the lung during pulmonary fungal infection with C. neoformans
(J:95638)
• in response to C. neoformans infection, homozygotes show impaired T cell proliferation in regional lymph nodes and fail to produce high levels of T1 cytokines (IFN-gamma and IL-12) in the lung; instead, mutants exhibit increased levels of IL-5, a T2 cytokine
(J:95638)
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• 48 hours after intranasal inoculation with S. pneumoniae, homozygotes exhibit an enhanced antibacterial host defense, with less pneumococci in their lungs and increased neutrophil influx in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid but no reduction in mortality relative to wild-type
(J:75573)
• relative to wild-type, purified neutrophils from mutant mice exhibit a ~50% reduction in superoxide production in response to fMLP (a potent chemotaxin and activator of neutrophils) across the entire dose range tested; repletion with murine uPA completely reverses the defect in superoxide generation
(J:91980)
• in response to fMLP, mutant neutrophils exhibit reduced neutrophil exocytosis of azurophilic granules (as shown by reduced myeloperoxidase release); however, this defect is not corrected by repletion with extracellular uPA
(J:91980)
• in contrast, mutant neutrophils show normal agonist-stimulated release of specific granules relative to wild-type neutrophils
(J:91980)
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• in vitro, purified neutrophils from mutant mice exhibit a significant reduction in phagocytosis of E. coli at all time points; repletion with murine uPA substantially reverses the defect in neutrophil phagocytosis
|
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• in vitro, purified neutrophils from mutant mice display significant defects in several aspects of the antibacterial neutrophil activation process that lead to E. coli killing and effective host defense
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• in contrast to wild-type, homozygotes exhibit no plasminogen-dependent breakdown of 125I-fibrin-labeled matrix and of 3H-proline-labeled subendothelial breakdown by thioglycollate-activated macrohages; invasion of macrophages into the peritoneal cavity remains unaffected
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• 5 days after bleomycin treatment, homozygotes display a peak in lung macrophage levels that coincides with the peak time observed in wild-type mice; however, their marcophage levels are significantly reduced relative to wild-type
• 7 days after bleomycin treatment, mutant and wild-type mice show a similar decrease in the number and percentage of macrophages found in the lung
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• 21 days after inoculation with Cryptococcus neoformans, homozygotes contain significantly higher lung CFUs than wild-type mice
• C. neoformans-infected mutants disseminate the fungal pathogen to their spleen; eventually 15 out of 19 mutants (versus 3/19 wild-type) die from fungal meningitis
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• when primed homozygotes are challenged with schistosomal egg antigen (SEA) they exhibit a severe immune defect in response to this T2-eliciting antigen
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muscle
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• at 7 weeks after TAB, homozygotes exhibit increased LV contractility, indicating normal fractional shortening with no cardiac failure or pulmonary congestion
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reproductive system
| N |
• homozygotes display normal litter size and frequency of litters relative to wild-type mice
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respiratory system
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• 14 days after bleomycin treatment, homozygotes exhibit an increase in lung hydroxyproline (collagen) content that is comparable to that observed in bleomycin-treated wild-type mice
• histological analysis 14 days after lung injury indicates extensive interstitial fibrosis in mutant mice relative to wild-type; however, no hemorrhage or extensive collagen deposition is observed
• 62% of bleomycin-treated homozygotes die as early as ~7 days after treatment, possibly as a result of extensive fibrosis
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vision/eye
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• in response to laser-induced injury of the Bruch's membrane, homozygotes display almost complete absence of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) at the site of trauma; in contrast, wild-type mice show a robust neovascular reaction
• resistance to CNV is associated with excessive fibrinogen-fibrin deposition at the site of choroidal trauma and in retinal vessels
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• at ~26 weeks of age, 5% homozygotes display severe non-healing ulcerations at the eyelids
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nervous system
| N |
• homozygotes subjected to focal cerebral ischemia induced by persistent occlusion of the left middle cerebral artery produce an infarct with a size that is comparable to that produced in wild-type mice
(J:55243)
• Abeta40 and 42 levels are not increased in mutant brains relative to controls
(J:104962)
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homeostasis/metabolism
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• after transverse aortic banding (TAB), i.e. acute pressure overload, homozygotes remain significantly protected against LV hypertrophy for at least 7 weeks
• homozygotes display only a 20% increase in LV/body ratio and only a 22% increase in LV cardiomyocyte size relative to wild-type (~35% and ~40%, respectively)
• at 7 weeks after TAB, LV systolic dysfunction and dilatation are only marginally detectable without signs of pulmonary edema
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• 3-6 month-old mice have elevated levels of plasma amyloid beta 42 (Abeta42) and Abeta40; by 11 months of age, difference in levels between mutants and controls has increased significantly
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• homozygotes occasionally exhibit small, focal fibrin deposits in the intestines and in the sinusoids of the liver and extensive fibrin deposits in the ulcerated skin, ear or prolapsed rectum
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• in response to injection of pro-inflammatory endotoxin in the footpad, homozygotes exhibit overt venous thrombosis at a significantly higher incidence (90% versus 54%) and to a much larger extent than wild-type mice (60% of mutants show >4 thrombosed veins per tissue section versus only 15% in wild-type)
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• bleomycin-treated homozygotes exhibit extensive areas of fibrin(ogen) deposition in the lung interstitium which are associated with areas of fibrosis
(J:63134)
• after laser-induced injury of the Bruch's membrane, homozygotes show massive accumulation of fibrinogen-fibrin both in the retinal vessels, and in the bottom of the laser-induced trauma
(J:82604)
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craniofacial
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• at ~26 weeks of age, 5% of homozygotes display severe non-healing ulcerations at the face
|
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• at ~26 weeks of age, 5% of homozygotes display severe non-healing ulcerations at the ears around the eartag
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cellular
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• in response to pressure overload, homozygotes show only minimal signs of maladaptation (i.e. myolysis, fibrosis or increased intercapillary distance) relative to wild-type mice
|
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• 5 days after bleomycin treatment, homozygotes display a peak in lung macrophage levels that coincides with the peak time observed in wild-type mice; however, their marcophage levels are significantly reduced relative to wild-type
• 7 days after bleomycin treatment, mutant and wild-type mice show a similar decrease in the number and percentage of macrophages found in the lung
|
|
• in vitro, purified neutrophils from mutant mice exhibit a significant reduction in phagocytosis of E. coli at all time points; repletion with murine uPA substantially reverses the defect in neutrophil phagocytosis
|
Mouse Models of Human Disease |
DO ID | OMIM ID(s) | Ref(s) | |
| Alzheimer's disease | DOID:10652 | J:104962 | ||
