mortality/aging
• homozygotes die at birth
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nervous system
• by E9, neural tube fails to close along its rostrocaudal length from midbrain to tail
• skin excision bordering neural tube is prominent
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• outpouching of forebrain tissue
• distortion of lateral ventricles and disappearance of third ventricle over time
• optic chiasm tends to form more caudal to anterior commissure
• glial palisade at chiasm is wider and thicker and is interrupted by an unidentified knot of tissue
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• distortion of lateral ventricles
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• disappearance of third ventricle over time
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• retinal axon projections form an H shaped optic chiasm at E15
• retinal axons project correctly toward the dorsal thalamus, but fail to terminate
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• optic chiasm tends to form more caudal to anterior commissure
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• prominent encephalocele
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embryo
• several day delay with a severe rightward kink of the body axis that lessens after turning
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• smaller in size than normal littermates
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• lower in weight than normal littermates
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• by E9, neural tube fails to close along its rostrocaudal length from midbrain to tail
• skin excision bordering neural tube is prominent
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vision/eye
• retinal axon projections form an H shaped optic chiasm at E15
• retinal axons project correctly toward the dorsal thalamus, but fail to terminate
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• optic chiasm tends to form more caudal to anterior commissure
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• observed at E15
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• eyelids do not form
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• shrunken vitreous region
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• disorganized distribution of retinal ganglion cells
• ganglion cell nuclei are smaller than wild-type at E15
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• thickened neural retina
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growth/size/body
• smaller in size than normal littermates
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• lower in weight than normal littermates
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• gastroschisis or externalization of abdominal contents observed in all embryos with craniorachischisis
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