Analysis Tools
reproductive system
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• the cryptorchid testis of the few mutants that survive to adulthood is characterized by degenerated germinal epithelia of the seminiferous tubules and by the absence of germ cells
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• mutants exhibit a failure of cranial suspensory ligament (CSL) regression at E18.5; both the gubernaculums and CSL are still present at the lower and upper pole of the gonads, respectively, with the CSL tethering the testes and epididymi to the abdominal body wall dorsal to the kidney
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• the left testis does not descend into the scrotum and is poorly developed and severely retarded in size in the few males that survive to adulthood
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• as a result of the closed vagina cavity, uterine fluid accumulates in the uterus, grossly inflating the organ
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• the vagina opening is closed by a septum composed of an epithelial cell layer followed by connective tissue and skin in the few females that survive to adulthood
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homeostasis/metabolism
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• circulating DHT is increased 2-fold in E14.5 male embryos
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• circulating testosterone is increased 2-fold in E14.5 male embryos
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• neither male nor female embryos respond to exogenous androgen or estrogen application, respectively, indicating steroid insensitivity
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endocrine/exocrine glands
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• the cryptorchid testis of the few mutants that survive to adulthood is characterized by degenerated germinal epithelia of the seminiferous tubules and by the absence of germ cells
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• mutants exhibit a failure of cranial suspensory ligament (CSL) regression at E18.5; both the gubernaculums and CSL are still present at the lower and upper pole of the gonads, respectively, with the CSL tethering the testes and epididymi to the abdominal body wall dorsal to the kidney
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• the left testis does not descend into the scrotum and is poorly developed and severely retarded in size in the few males that survive to adulthood
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