neoplasm
• tamoxifen-treated mice develop nevi most commonly at the site of application with some large melanocytic lesions around the perianal regions and in the eyelids unlike in control mice (either treated with only ethanol or lacking one of the alleles)
• nevi in tamoxifen-treated mice are slowly proliferating, dome-shaped outgrowths in the dermis composed of pigmented epithelioid or dendritic melanocytes with neuroid differentiation in some cases
• 80% of tamoxifen-treated mice develop eyelid nevi 3 to 5 months after treatment
• mice treated with high doses of tamoxifen develop perianal nevi 6 to 10 months after treatment
• 60% to 70% of tamoxifen-treated mice develop rapidly growing, invasive hypopigmented skin tumors that often (in 38% of mice) ulcerate the overlying epidermis, infiltrate the subcutis, skeletal muscle, and auricular cartilage and display characteristics of malignant melanomas
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• some tamoxifen-treated mice develop oligomelanotic malignant melanomas unlike control mice (either treated with only ethanol or lacking one of the alleles)
• 54% of tamoxifen-treated mice develop melanomas within 12 months
• 64% of tamoxifen-treated mice develop melanomas after 14 months
• median latency to develop melanomas in a tamoxifen-treated mouse is 12 months
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pigmentation
• following application of tamoxifen on the back, snouts, tails, ears, and paws are visibly darkened compared to in control mice (either treated with only ethanol or lacking one of the alleles)
• following application of tamoxifen on the back, 40% of mice develop darkened toenails proximal to the body on the front or hind feet unlike control mice
• following application of tamoxifen on the back, 50% of females develop darkened nipples unlike control mice
• following application of tamoxifen on the back, hairy skin is darkened most noticeable at the site of application unlike control mice
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integument
• in 38% of tamoxifen-treated mice
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• tamoxifen-treated mice develop nevi most commonly at the site of application with some large melanocytic lesions around the perianal regions and in the eyelids unlike in control mice (either treated with only ethanol or lacking one of the alleles)
• nevi in tamoxifen-treated mice are slowly proliferating, dome-shaped outgrowths in the dermis composed of pigmented epithelioid or dendritic melanocytes with neuroid differentiation in some cases
• 80% of tamoxifen-treated mice develop eyelid nevi 3 to 5 months after treatment
• mice treated with high doses of tamoxifen develop perianal nevi 6 to 10 months after treatment
• 60% to 70% of tamoxifen-treated mice develop rapidly growing, invasive hypopigmented skin tumors that often (in 38% of mice) ulcerate the overlying epidermis, infiltrate the subcutis, skeletal muscle, and auricular cartilage and display characteristics of malignant melanomas
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