Analysis Tools
behavior/neurological
 N |
• mutants do not exhibit any head-jerking or head-tilting, and exhibit no differences from wild-type mice in swim test and contact-righting task
|
|
|
• males begin fighting with siblings at 6-7 weeks of age: inter-male home-cage behavior during the age before stereotyping circling emerges indicates heightened aggression by mutants, with mutants engaging in tail-biting beginning at 35 days of age which was not observed for wild-type males
|
|
|
• mutants exhibit a lower tactile withdrawal response threshold than wild-type mice, indicating increased sensitivity to paw-touch
|
|
|
• males consistently appear hyperactive
|
|
|
• males display progressive circling in the home cage, that is statistically different between wild-type and mutant mice at 45 days
• rotations in mutants are in a single preferred direction, however the direction of preference differs between mice
|
|
|
• in a three-chamber partition test with a male stranger mouse and a novel object, mutant males show no preference for side unlike wild-type mice which have a preference for spending time on the stranger's side relative to the side with the object
• in a direct social interaction task in which each mouse is allowed to directly interact with a naive male stranger for 10 minutes in a standard cage novel to both mice, mutant males spend significantly less time engage in active social interactions suchs sniffing or touching the stranger, than wild-type males and more time in non-social behaviors
• in the social odor test, both mutants and wild-types detect the novel odors, however, wild-type mice show increased interest relative to mutants upon first presentation of a social odor, but not for the first presentation of the second novel social odor, and both genotypes habituate to the same degree by the third presentation of the novel odors, indicating that mutants have intact olfaction but show a decrease interest in a social stimulus odor
|
|
|
• pups exhibit a shift in separation-induced ultrasonic vocalization pattern, with males showing an approximate 4 day shift in the ultrasonic vocalization developmental curve, such that males do not persistently decrease their vocalizations from peak levels until P11 compared to P7 in wild-type
• however, overall total duration of calling is no different from wild-type mice
• mutants vocalize less than wild-type mice during direct social interactions
|
|
|
• young males (19-21 days) are more likely to have a seizure when subjected to a loud sound stimulus compared to wild-type mice, however no spontaneous seizure activity is seen
|
integument
|
|
• males are more darkly and evenly pigmented than female mice
|
nervous system
|
|
• young males (19-21 days) are more likely to have a seizure when subjected to a loud sound stimulus compared to wild-type mice, however no spontaneous seizure activity is seen
|
|
|
• adult males have a lower brain weight than wild-type mice
|
|
|
• across a range of 17-45 days of age, males exhibit a prepulse inhibition deficit indicating impaired sensorimotor gating
|
|
|
• across a range of 17-45 days of age, males exhibit a prepulse inhibition deficit but no difference in acoustic startle response
|
pigmentation
|
|
• males are more darkly and evenly pigmented than female mice
|
hearing/vestibular/ear
|
N |
• male mutants exhibit normal auditory brainstem response at P60, indicating that hyperactivity and circling are not due to vestibular dysfunction
|
homeostasis/metabolism
|
N |
• body weight and temperature regulation are no different from wild-type
|
taste/olfaction
|
N |
• in a habituation/dishabituation olfactory-discrimination task, no difference in ability to differentiate between odors or ability to habituate to the odors are seen between mutants and wild-types in the nonsocial-odor test
|
Mouse Models of Human Disease |
DO ID | OMIM ID(s) | Ref(s) | |
| autism spectrum disorder | DOID:0060041 | J:167614 | ||
