immune system
• generation of follicular T helper cells cells is enhanced when mutant dendritic cells are cultured with naive T cells from control mice in the presence of differentiation factors, indicating increased differentiation of these cells
|
• more spontaneous germinal center B cells
|
• increase in the percentage and number of follicular T helper cells
|
• more germinal centers in the spleen
|
• total number of splenocytes are increased in females but not males
|
• enhanced immune response after NP-CGG immunization with an increased high-affinity anti-NP IgG response, an increase in the number of germinal center B cells, and an increase in the number of total germinal cells and antigen-specific germinal cells
|
• enhanced germinal center response in young mice
|
• total serum immunoglobulin levels are increased in females but not males
|
• kidney deposition of IgG in 10 month old females
|
• increase in expression of ICOS in CD4+ T cells, indicating that mice have more activated CD4+ T cells than controls
|
• increase in production of IL-6 by splenic dendritic cells and by bone marrow derived dendritic cells after LPS stimulation in females but not males
|
• females, but not males, develop autoantibodies as early as 4-5 months of age, including anti-nuclear antibodies, anti-double stranded dNA, and anti-ENA5, which are all IgG
|
• IgG2b is the major isotype of anti-dsDNA antibodies
|
• inflammatory infiltrates in 10 month old females
|
renal/urinary system
• proteinuria in 10 month old females
|
• inflammatory infiltrates in 10 month old females
|
• kidney deposition of IgG in 10 month old females
|
• mesangial cell proliferation in 10 month old females
|
hematopoietic system
• generation of follicular T helper cells cells is enhanced when mutant dendritic cells are cultured with naive T cells from control mice in the presence of differentiation factors, indicating increased differentiation of these cells
|
• more spontaneous germinal center B cells
|
• increase in the percentage and number of follicular T helper cells
|
• more germinal centers in the spleen
|
• total number of splenocytes are increased in females but not males
|
• enhanced germinal center response in young mice
|
• total serum immunoglobulin levels are increased in females but not males
|
• kidney deposition of IgG in 10 month old females
|
• increase in expression of ICOS in CD4+ T cells, indicating that mice have more activated CD4+ T cells than controls
|
homeostasis/metabolism
• proteinuria in 10 month old females
|
cellular
• mesangial cell proliferation in 10 month old females
|
Mouse Models of Human Disease |
DO ID | OMIM ID(s) | Ref(s) | |
systemic lupus erythematosus | DOID:9074 |
OMIM:152700 OMIM:300809 OMIM:605480 OMIM:608437 OMIM:609903 OMIM:609939 OMIM:610065 OMIM:610066 OMIM:612254 OMIM:612378 OMIM:613145 OMIM:614420 |
J:178876 |