behavior/neurological
• mice exhibit impaired long-term recognition memory but intact short-term memory
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• in the resident-intruder paradigm, mice how much less aggression than wild-type males
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• in the elevated-plus-maze experiments, mutants spend less time in the closed arm and enter the closed arm less frequently, indicating less anxiety
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• mice spend increased time self-grooming
• however, mice show a normal pain response in a hot plate assay
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• although mutants show normal latency to fall from an accelerating rotard, when the rod is modified with tape to reduce surface friction, mutants fall sooner when they walk with, but not against, the direction of the rotating rod, suggesting impaired motor function
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• in the wire hang assay, mice fall from the wire more quickly than controls and exhibit reduced grip strength
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• in the open-field test, mice rear more frequently
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• in the open-field test, mice travel father than wild-type mice, rear more frequently, and spend more time in the central zone, indicating hyperactivity
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• mice exhibit stereotyped forelimb movements
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• in the nesting behavior assay, mice show poor nest building abilities
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• mice spend less time interacting with a mouse introduced into the chamber and show reduced preference for a novel versus a familiar mouse, indicating impaired social interaction
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craniofacial
• E18.5 mutants show developmental defects in the occipital bone
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• partial penetrance of hyperdontia
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• 100% penetrance of shortened nasal bones
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• blunt snouts
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growth/size/body
• partial penetrance of hyperdontia
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• 100% penetrance of shortened nasal bones
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• blunt snouts
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mortality/aging
N |
• normal lifespan after weaning
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nervous system
• post-tetanic potentiation at excitatory synapses between CA3 and CA1 pyramidal neurons is enhanced
• however, basal synaptic transmission and presynaptic function are intact
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skeleton
• E18.5 mutants show developmental defects in the occipital bone
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• partial penetrance of hyperdontia
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• 100% penetrance of shortened nasal bones
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• E18.5 mutants show bifurcation of the xyphoid process
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respiratory system
• 100% penetrance of shortened nasal bones
|
Mouse Models of Human Disease |
DO ID | OMIM ID(s) | Ref(s) | |
autism spectrum disorder | DOID:0060041 | J:230850 |