growth/size/body
• mice show an increase in body weight starting at 12 weeks of age
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behavior/neurological
• in the Barnes maze test, mice show an increased latency to find the target during training trails and an increased latency to reach the target region during the probe trial
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• mice show altered spontaneous alternation in the T-maze test for working memory
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• in the tube test for social dominance, mice show a greater probability of winning by forcing a retreat of the wild-type mice out of the tube
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• in a novel object recognition test, mice show decreased time exploring and number of visits to the non-familiar object
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• mice spend more time grooming
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• total distance traveled in the 3-chamber social arena is greater than for controls
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• mice spend more time in the homecage and scrabbling in the open field test
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• innate social behavior is perturbed in the nest building test
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• in the 3-chamber social arena, mice do show a preference for a social partner compared with an empty cage but their preference index for social interaction is reduced and mice spend less time overall engaging in social interaction with a novel social partner in a subsequent trial and show a lower index of preference for the novel stimulus
• in a social dyadic test, mice engage in more events of non-reciprocal social interaction
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nervous system
• CA1 pyramidal neurons show a decrease in density of mature spines in apical regions, indicating impaired neuronal spine maturation
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• CA1 pyramidal neurons show a reduction in dendritic arborization and a decrease in total dendritic length
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• decrease in the thickness of postsynaptic densities in the CA1 region
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• the amplitude of AMPA receptor-mediated miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs) is reduced
• however, no differences are seen in frequency of mEPSCs or in the kinetics of the miniature events
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• field excitatory postsynaptic potential (fEPSP) amplitudes in the CA1 area are reduced while stimulating Shaffer collateral fibers
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• stimulation with 3,5-Dihydroxyphenylglycine (DHPG), an mGluR5 receptor agonist, promotes a long-lasting and exacerbated induction of long term depression (LTD) in the CA3-CA1 circuit compared to controls
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Mouse Models of Human Disease |
DO ID | OMIM ID(s) | Ref(s) | |
autism spectrum disorder | DOID:0060041 | J:273373 | ||
intellectual disability | DOID:1059 | J:273373 |