growth/size/body
• more than 40% decrease in fat mass
|
• 20% decrease in lean mass
|
• body weight is reduced by more than 25%
|
skeleton
• lumbar vertebrae exhibit displacement of intervertebral discs
|
• vertebral column shows generalized disc narrowing
|
• kyphoscoliosis in 30% of mice
|
• lumbar vertebrae exhibit displacement of intervertebral discs and ossification centers
• lumbar vertebrae show wider neural spine and bone formation in the spaces between L3, L4, and L5
• L3 to L5 have distorted neural canals and lower ends of L2 and L5 have an abnormal orientation due to scoliosis in this region
|
• kyphosis and scoliosis associated with fusion of the lumbar vertebrae
|
• lumbar vertebrae show wider neural spine
• displacement with compression of the neural spine adjacent to regions with dorsal disc narrowing
|
• transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae are distorted
|
• lumbar vertebrae exhibit irregularly shaped vertebral bodies
|
• whole-body bone mineral density is about 8% lower in males but is similar to wild-type in females
• however, no differences in trabecular bone volume, trabecular thickness, or bone density are seen in the first and second lumbar vertebrae
|
adipose tissue
• more than 40% decrease in fat mass
|
homeostasis/metabolism
N |
• plasma calcium, phosphate, and albumin levels and alkaline phosphatase activity are unaffected
|
Mouse Models of Human Disease |
DO ID | OMIM ID(s) | Ref(s) | |
scoliosis | DOID:0060249 | J:277886 |