Gene Expression Literature Summary

• Symbol: Gdf5
• Name: growth differentiation factor 5
• ID: MGI:95688

137 matching records from 137 references.

Summary by Age and Assay: Numbers in the table indicate the number of results matching the search criteria.

Age	E10	E10.5	E11	E11.5	E12	E12.5	E13	E13.5	E14	E14.5	E15	E15.5	E16	E16.5	E17.5	E18	E18.5	E19.5	E	P
Immunohistochemistry (section)						1		2	1	4		2		2	1	1	1	1		3
In situ RNA (section)		2		10	3	22	2	37	2	43	3	28		16	3		8		2	7
In situ RNA (whole mount)				8	2	21	5	22	4	15		5		1					1
In situ reporter (knock in)									1				1							1
Northern blot										1
Western blot																1				1
RT-PCR	1	1	1	3	1	2	1	7	2	1	2	2	2	2	1	3	3			11
cDNA clones						1									1

Summary by Gene and Reference: Number indicates the number of results matching the search criteria recorded for each reference.
* Indicates detailed expression data entries available

Gdf5  growth differentiation factor 5   (Synonyms: bp, brp, cartilage-derived morphogenetic protein-1, CDMP-1)
Results	Reference
1	J:79879 Akiyama H, Chaboissier MC, Martin JF, Schedl A, De Crombrugghe B, The transcription factor Sox9 has essential roles in successive steps of the chondrocyte differentiation pathway and is required for expression of Sox5 and Sox6. Genes Dev. 2002 Nov 1;16(21):2813-28
5*	J:75699 Albrecht AN, Schwabe GC, Stricker S, Boddrich A, Wanker EE, Mundlos S, The synpolydactyly homolog (spdh) mutation in the mouse -- a defect in patterning and growth of limb cartilage elements. Mech Dev. 2002 Mar;112(1-2):53-67
5	J:126336 Amarilio R, Viukov SV, Sharir A, Eshkar-Oren I, Johnson RS, Zelzer E, HIF1{alpha} regulation of Sox9 is necessary to maintain differentiation of hypoxic prechondrogenic cells during early skeletogenesis. Development. 2007 Nov;134(21):3917-28
1*	J:132300 Amin S, Matalova E, Simpson C, Yoshida H, Tucker AS, Incudomalleal joint formation: the roles of apoptosis, migration and downregulation. BMC Dev Biol. 2007;7:134
1	J:175541 Bangs F, Antonio N, Thongnuek P, Welten M, Davey MG, Briscoe J, Tickle C, Generation of mice with functional inactivation of talpid3, a gene first identified in chicken. Development. 2011 Aug;138(15):3261-72
2	J:99990 Barna M, Pandolfi PP, Niswander L, Gli3 and Plzf cooperate in proximal limb patterning at early stages of limb development. Nature. 2005 Jul 14;436(7048):277-81
1*	J:59288 Baur ST, Mai JJ, Dymecki SM, Combinatorial signaling through BMP receptor IB and GDF5: shaping of the distal mouse limb and the genetics of distal limb diversity. Development. 2000 Feb;127(3):605-19
2*	J:309510 Beccari L, Jaquier G, Lopez-Delisle L, Rodriguez-Carballo E, Mascrez B, Gitto S, Woltering J, Duboule D, Dbx2 regulation in limbs suggests interTAD sharing of enhancers. Dev Dyn. 2021 Sep;250(9):1280-1299
2	J:223863 Bhattaram P, Penzo-Mendez A, Kato K, Bandyopadhyay K, Gadi A, Taketo MM, Lefebvre V, SOXC proteins amplify canonical WNT signaling to secure nonchondrocytic fates in skeletogenesis. J Cell Biol. 2014 Dec 8;207(5):657-71
2	J:297087 Bian Q, Cheng YH, Wilson JP, Su EY, Kim DW, Wang H, Yoo S, Blackshaw S, Cahan P, A single cell transcriptional atlas of early synovial joint development. Development. 2020 Jul 20;147(14):dev185777
1	J:316485 Bribian A, Nocentini S, Llorens F, Gil V, Mire E, Reginensi D, Yoshida Y, Mann F, del Rio JA, Sema3E/PlexinD1 regulates the migration of hem-derived Cajal-Retzius cells in developing cerebral cortex. Nat Commun. 2014 Jun 27;5:4265
5	J:48000 Brunet LJ, McMahon JA, McMahon AP, Harland RM, Noggin, cartilage morphogenesis, and joint formation in the mammalian skeleton [see comments]. Science. 1998 May 29;280(5368):1455-7
2*	J:223752 Cai T, Yang L, Cai W, Guo S, Yu P, Li J, Hu X, Yan M, Shao Q, Jin Y, Sun ZS, Luo ZJ, Dysplastic spondylolysis is caused by mutations in the diastrophic dysplasia sulfate transporter gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2015 Jun 30;112(26):8064-9
3*	J:149242 Cameron TL, Belluoccio D, Farlie PG, Brachvogel B, Bateman JF, Global comparative transcriptome analysis of cartilage formation in vivo. BMC Dev Biol. 2009;9:20
1	J:98432 Chen Y, Knezevic V, Ervin V, Hutson R, Ward Y, Mackem S, Direct interaction with Hoxd proteins reverses Gli3-repressor function to promote digit formation downstream of Shh. Development. 2004 May;131(10):2339-47
1*	J:71186 Chiang C, Litingtung Y, Harris MP, Simandl BK, Li Y, Beachy PA, Fallon JF, Manifestation of the limb prepattern: limb development in the absence of sonic hedgehog function. Dev Biol. 2001 Aug 15;236(2):421-35
1	J:182705 Choe Y, Siegenthaler JA, Pleasure SJ, A cascade of morphogenic signaling initiated by the meninges controls corpus callosum formation. Neuron. 2012 Feb 23;73(4):698-712
3*	J:87281 Coleman CM, Loredo GA, Lo CW, Tuan RS, Correlation of GDF5 and connexin 43 mRNA expression during embryonic development. Anat Rec A Discov Mol Cell Evol Biol. 2003 Dec;275(2):1117-21
1	J:161416 Collette NM, Genetos DC, Murugesh D, Harland RM, Loots GG, Genetic evidence that SOST inhibits WNT signaling in the limb. Dev Biol. 2010 Jun 15;342(2):169-79
4*	J:150879 Dathe K, Kjaer KW, Brehm A, Meinecke P, Nurnberg P, Neto JC, Brunoni D, Tommerup N, Ott CE, Klopocki E, Seemann P, Mundlos S, Duplications involving a conserved regulatory element downstream of BMP2 are associated with brachydactyly type A2. Am J Hum Genet. 2009 Apr;84(4):483-92
2*	J:243210 Decker RS, Um HB, Dyment NA, Cottingham N, Usami Y, Enomoto-Iwamoto M, Kronenberg MS, Maye P, Rowe DW, Koyama E, Pacifici M, Cell origin, volume and arrangement are drivers of articular cartilage formation, morphogenesis and response to injury in mouse limbs. Dev Biol. 2017 Jun 01;426(1):56-68
3*	J:202818 Degenkolbe E, Konig J, Zimmer J, Walther M, Reissner C, Nickel J, Ploger F, Raspopovic J, Sharpe J, Dathe K, Hecht JT, Mundlos S, Doelken SC, Seemann P, A GDF5 point mutation strikes twice--causing BDA1 and SYNS2. PLoS Genet. 2013 Oct;9(10):e1003846
1	J:203785 Delpretti S, Montavon T, Leleu M, Joye E, Tzika A, Milinkovitch M, Duboule D, Multiple enhancers regulate Hoxd genes and the Hotdog LncRNA during cecum budding. Cell Rep. 2013 Oct 17;5(1):137-50
1	J:108241 Desai J, Shannon ME, Johnson MD, Ruff DW, Hughes LA, Kerley MK, Carpenter DA, Johnson DK, Rinchik EM, Culiat CT, Nell1-deficient mice have reduced expression of extracellular matrix proteins causing cranial and vertebral defects. Hum Mol Genet. 2006 Apr 15;15(8):1329-41
5	J:131874 Di-Poi N, Zakany J, Duboule D, Distinct Roles and Regulations for Hoxd Genes in Metanephric Kidney Development. PLoS Genet. 2007 Dec 21;3(12):e232
1*	J:153498 Diez-Roux G, Banfi S, Sultan M, Geffers L, Anand S, Rozado D, Magen A, Canidio E, Pagani M, Peluso I, Lin-Marq N, Koch M, Bilio M, Cantiello I, Verde R, De Masi C, Bianchi SA, Cicchini J, Perroud E, Mehmeti S, Dagand E, Schrinner S, Nurnberger A, SchmidtK, Metz K, Zwingmann C, Brieske N, Springer C, Hernandez AM, Herzog S, Grabbe F, Sieverding C, Fischer B, Schrader K, Brockmeyer M, Dettmer S, Helbig C, Alunni V, Battaini MA, Mura C, Henrichsen CN, Garcia-Lopez R, Echevarria D, Puelles E, et al., A high-resolution anatomical atlas of the transcriptome in the mouse embryo. PLoS Biol. 2011;9(1):e1000582
1*	J:90613 Dreyer SD, Naruse T, Morello R, Zabel B, Winterpacht A, Johnson RL, Lee B, Oberg KC, Lmx1b expression during joint and tendon formation: localization and evaluation of potential downstream targets. Gene Expr Patterns. 2004 Jul;4(4):397-405
6	J:160493 Dy P, Smits P, Silvester A, Penzo-Mendez A, Dumitriu B, Han Y, de la Motte CA, Kingsley DM, Lefebvre V, Synovial joint morphogenesis requires the chondrogenic action of Sox5 and Sox6 in growth plate and articular cartilage. Dev Biol. 2010 May 15;341(2):346-59
1	J:221660 Eyal S, Blitz E, Shwartz Y, Akiyama H, Schweitzer R, Zelzer E, On the development of the patella. Development. 2015 May 15;142(10):1831-9
2	J:272612 Eyal S, Rubin S, Krief S, Levin L, Zelzer E, Common cellular origin and diverging developmental programs for different sesamoid bones. Development. 2019 Feb 28;146(4):dev167452
4	J:204883 Feenstra JM, Kanaya K, Pira CU, Hoffman SE, Eppey RJ, Oberg KC, Detection of genes regulated by Lmx1b during limb dorsalization. Dev Growth Differ. 2012 May;54(4):451-62
1	J:334522 Fuiten AM, Yoshimoto Y, Shukunami C, Stadler HS, Digits in a dish: An in vitro system to assess the molecular genetics of hand/foot development at single-cell resolution. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2023;11:1135025
4	J:264602 Gamer LW, Pregizer S, Gamer J, Feigenson M, Ionescu A, Li Q, Han L, Rosen V, The Role of Bmp2 in the Maturation and Maintenance of the Murine Knee Joint. J Bone Miner Res. 2018 Sep;33(9):1708-1717
1	J:257361 Gamer LW, Xiang L, Rosen V, Formation and maturation of the murine meniscus. J Orthop Res. 2017 Aug;35(8):1683-1689
7	J:147878 Gao B, Hu J, Stricker S, Cheung M, Ma G, Law KF, Witte F, Briscoe J, Mundlos S, He L, Cheah KS, Chan D, A mutation in Ihh that causes digit abnormalities alters its signalling capacity and range. Nature. 2009 Apr 30;458(7242):1196-200
1	J:169766 Gao B, Song H, Bishop K, Elliot G, Garrett L, English MA, Andre P, Robinson J, Sood R, Minami Y, Economides AN, Yang Y, Wnt signaling gradients establish planar cell polarity by inducing Vangl2 phosphorylation through Ror2. Dev Cell. 2011 Feb 15;20(2):163-76
5	J:171478 Gao Y, Lan Y, Liu H, Jiang R, The zinc finger transcription factors Osr1 and Osr2 control synovial joint formation. Dev Biol. 2011 Apr 1;352(1):83-91
1	J:344366 Grall E, Feregrino C, Fischer S, De Courten A, Sacher F, Hiscock TW, Tschopp P, Self-organized BMP signaling dynamics underlie the development and evolution of digit segmentation patterns in birds and mammals. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2024 Jan 9;121(2):e2304470121
1*	J:79899 Grotewold L, Ruther U, The Fused toes (Ft) mouse mutation causes anteroposterior and dorsoventral polydactyly. Dev Biol. 2002 Nov 1;251(1):129-41
1*	J:171409 GUDMAP Consortium, GUDMAP: the GenitoUrinary Development Molecular Anatomy Project. www.gudmap.org. 2004;
6*	J:93028 Guo X, Day TF, Jiang X, Garrett-Beal L, Topol L, Yang Y, Wnt/beta-catenin signaling is sufficient and necessary for synovial joint formation. Genes Dev. 2004 Oct 1;18(19):2404-17
2	J:146802 Harada M, Murakami H, Okawa A, Okimoto N, Hiraoka S, Nakahara T, Akasaka R, Shiraishi Y, Futatsugi N, Mizutani-Koseki Y, Kuroiwa A, Shirouzu M, Yokoyama S, Taiji M, Iseki S, Ornitz DM, Koseki H, FGF9 monomer-dimer equilibrium regulates extracellular matrix affinity and tissue diffusion. Nat Genet. 2009 Mar;41(3):289-98
1	J:100475 Harfe BD, McManus MT, Mansfield JH, Hornstein E, Tabin CJ, The RNaseIII enzyme Dicer is required for morphogenesis but not patterning of the vertebrate limb. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Aug 2;102(31):10898-903
2	J:334093 Hasan MR, Koskenranta A, Alakurtti K, Takatalo M, Rice DP, RAB23 regulates musculoskeletal development and patterning. Front Cell Dev Biol. 2023;11:1049131
7	J:256518 Hegarty SV, Wyatt SL, Howard L, Stappers E, Huylebroeck D, Sullivan AM, O'Keeffe GW, Zeb2 is a negative regulator of midbrain dopaminergic axon growth and target innervation. Sci Rep. 2017 Aug 17;7(1):8568
3	J:276702 Hildebrand L, Schmidt-von Kegler M, Walther M, Seemann P, Stange K, Limb specific Acvr1-knockout during embryogenesis in mice exhibits great toe malformation as seen in Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva (FOP). Dev Dyn. 2019 May;248(5):396-403
1	J:144140 Hill TP, Taketo MM, Birchmeier W, Hartmann C, Multiple roles of mesenchymal beta-catenin during murine limb patterning. Development. 2006 Apr;133(7):1219-29
1*	J:71423 Houweling AC, Dildrop R, Peters T, Mummenhoff J, Moorman AF, Ruther U, Christoffels VM, Gene and cluster-specific expression of the Iroquois family members during mouse development. Mech Dev. 2001 Sep;107(1-2):169-74
3	J:186161 Hu B, Castillo E, Harewood L, Ostano P, Reymond A, Dummer R, Raffoul W, Hoetzenecker W, Hofbauer GF, Dotto GP, Multifocal epithelial tumors and field cancerization from loss of mesenchymal CSL signaling. Cell. 2012 Jun 8;149(6):1207-20
5	J:242611 Huang BL, Trofka A, Furusawa A, Norrie JL, Rabinowitz AH, Vokes SA, Mark Taketo M, Zakany J, Mackem S, An interdigit signalling centre instructs coordinate phalanx-joint formation governed by 5'Hoxd-Gli3 antagonism. Nat Commun. 2016 Oct 07;7:12903
3*	J:132023 Hwang CH, Wu DK, Noggin heterozygous mice: an animal model for congenital conductive hearing loss in humans. Hum Mol Genet. 2008 Mar 15;17(6):844-53
2	J:122506 Hyde G, Dover S, Aszodi A, Wallis GA, Boot-Handford RP, Lineage tracing using matrilin-1 gene expression reveals that articular chondrocytes exist as the joint interzone forms. Dev Biol. 2007 Apr 15;304(2):825-33
2*	J:138805 Ikegawa M, Han H, Okamoto A, Matsui R, Tanaka M, Omi N, Miyamae M, Toguchida J, Tashiro K, Syndactyly and preaxial synpolydactyly in the single Sfrp2 deleted mutant mice. Dev Dyn. 2008 Sep;237(9):2506-17
1	J:141606 Itoh S, Kanno S, Gai Z, Suemoto H, Kawakatsu M, Tanishima H, Morimoto Y, Nishioka K, Hatamura I, Yoshida M, Muragaki Y, Trps1 plays a pivotal role downstream of Gdf5 signaling in promoting chondrogenesis and apoptosis of ATDC5 cells. Genes Cells. 2008 Apr;13(4):355-63
3	J:121337 Iwamoto M, Tamamura Y, Koyama E, Komori T, Takeshita N, Williams JA, Nakamura T, Enomoto-Iwamoto M, Pacifici M, Transcription factor ERG and joint and articular cartilage formation during mouse limb and spine skeletogenesis. Dev Biol. 2007 May 1;305(1):40-51
1	J:224585 Jenner F, IJpma A, Cleary M, Heijsman D, Narcisi R, van der Spek PJ, Kremer A, van Weeren R, Brama P, van Osch GJ, Differential gene expression of the intermediate and outer interzone layers of developing articular cartilage in murine embryos. Stem Cells Dev. 2014 Aug 15;23(16):1883-98
6	J:148688 Kahn J, Shwartz Y, Blitz E, Krief S, Sharir A, Breitel DA, Rattenbach R, Relaix F, Maire P, Rountree RB, Kingsley DM, Zelzer E, Muscle contraction is necessary to maintain joint progenitor cell fate. Dev Cell. 2009 May;16(5):734-43
2*	J:193467 Kan A, Ikeda T, Fukai A, Nakagawa T, Nakamura K, Chung UI, Kawaguchi H, Tabin CJ, SOX11 contributes to the regulation of GDF5 in joint maintenance. BMC Dev Biol. 2013 Jan 29;13(1):4
3	J:194035 Kan A, Tabin CJ, c-Jun is required for the specification of joint cell fates. Genes Dev. 2013 Mar 1;27(5):514-24
3*	J:326033 Kim M, Koyama E, Saunders CM, Querido W, Pleshko N, Pacifici M, Synovial joint cavitation initiates with microcavities in interzone and is coupled to skeletal flexion and elongation in developing mouse embryo limbs. Biol Open. 2022 Jun 15;11(6):bio059381
2	J:121700 Kolanczyk M, Kossler N, Kuhnisch J, Lavitas L, Stricker S, Wilkening U, Manjubala I, Fratzl P, Sporle R, Herrmann BG, Parada LF, Kornak U, Mundlos S, Multiple roles for neurofibromin in skeletal development and growth. Hum Mol Genet. 2007 Apr 15;16(8):874-86
1	J:184521 Koss M, Bolze A, Brendolan A, Saggese M, Capellini TD, Bojilova E, Boisson B, Prall OW, Elliott DA, Solloway M, Lenti E, Hidaka C, Chang CP, Mahlaoui N, Harvey RP, Casanova JL, Selleri L, Congenital Asplenia in Mice and Humans with Mutations in a Pbx/Nkx2-5/p15 Module. Dev Cell. 2012 May 15;22(5):913-26
2	J:133905 Koyama E, Ochiai T, Rountree RB, Kingsley DM, Enomoto-Iwamoto M, Iwamoto M, Pacifici M, Synovial joint formation during mouse limb skeletogenesis: roles of Indian hedgehog signaling. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2007 Nov;1116:100-12
1*	J:167066 Koyama E, Yasuda T, Minugh-Purvis N, Kinumatsu T, Yallowitz AR, Wellik DM, Pacifici M, Hox11 genes establish synovial joint organization and phylogenetic characteristics in developing mouse zeugopod skeletal elements. Development. 2010 Nov;137(22):3795-800
1	J:102448 Kugimiya F, Kawaguchi H, Kamekura S, Chikuda H, Ohba S, Yano F, Ogata N, Katagiri T, Harada Y, Azuma Y, Nakamura K, Chung UI, Involvement of endogenous bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) 2 and BMP6 in bone formation. J Biol Chem. 2005 Oct 21;280(42):35704-12
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2*	J:81315 Kunath M, Ludecke HJ, Vortkamp A, Expression of Trps1 during mouse embryonic development. Mech Dev. 2002 Dec;119 Suppl 1:S117-20
1*	J:278247 Kuony A, Ikkala K, Kalha S, Magalhaes AC, Pirttiniemi A, Michon F, Ectodysplasin-A signaling is a key integrator in the lacrimal gland-cornea feedback loop. Development. 2019 Jul 16;146(14):dev176693
1*	J:191406 Laue K, Pogoda HM, Daniel PB, van Haeringen A, Alanay Y, von Ameln S, Rachwalski M, Morgan T, Gray MJ, Breuning MH, Sawyer GM, Sutherland-Smith AJ, Nikkels PG, Kubisch C, Bloch W, Wollnik B, Hammerschmidt M, Robertson SP, Craniosynostosis and multiple skeletal anomalies in humans and zebrafish result from a defect in the localized degradation of retinoic acid. Am J Hum Genet. 2011 Nov 11;89(5):595-606
1	J:50972 Lee KJ, Mendelsohn M, Jessell TM, Neuronal patterning by BMPs: a requirement for GDF7 in the generation of a discrete class of commissural interneurons in the mouse spinal cord. Genes Dev. 1998 Nov 1;12(21):3394-407
2	J:346064 Leung AOW, Poon ACH, Wang X, Feng C, Chen P, Zheng Z, To MK, Chan WCW, Cheung M, Chan D, Suppression of apoptosis impairs phalangeal joint formation in the pathogenesis of brachydactyly type A1. Nat Commun. 2024 Mar 12;15(1):2229
1	J:203783 Li L, Liu B, Wapinski OL, Tsai MC, Qu K, Zhang J, Carlson JC, Lin M, Fang F, Gupta RA, Helms JA, Chang HY, Targeted disruption of Hotair leads to homeotic transformation and gene derepression. Cell Rep. 2013 Oct 17;5(1):3-12
4	J:194283 Liu J, Li Q, Kuehn MR, Litingtung Y, Vokes SA, Chiang C, Sonic hedgehog signaling directly targets Hyaluronic Acid Synthase 2, an essential regulator of phalangeal joint patterning. Dev Biol. 2013 Mar 15;375(2):160-71
7	J:251646 Liu J, Saito K, Maruya Y, Nakamura T, Yamada A, Fukumoto E, Ishikawa M, Iwamoto T, Miyazaki K, Yoshizaki K, Ge L, Fukumoto S, Mutant GDF5 enhances ameloblast differentiation via accelerated BMP2-induced Smad1/5/8 phosphorylation. Sci Rep. 2016 Mar 31;6:23670
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2	J:214967 Mangiavini L, Merceron C, Araldi E, Khatri R, Gerard-O'Riley R, Wilson TL, Rankin EB, Giaccia AJ, Schipani E, Loss of VHL in mesenchymal progenitors of the limb bud alters multiple steps of endochondral bone development. Dev Biol. 2014 Sep 1;393(1):124-36
3	J:324217 Mead TJ, Martin DR, Wang LW, Cain SA, Gulec C, Cahill E, Mauch J, Reinhardt D, Lo C, Baldock C, Apte SS, Proteolysis of fibrillin-2 microfibrils is essential for normal skeletal development. Elife. 2022 May 3;11:e71142
2*	J:98500 Meech R, Edelman DB, Jones FS, Makarenkova HP, The homeobox transcription factor Barx2 regulates chondrogenesis during limb development. Development. 2005 May;132(9):2135-46
2	J:186306 Morello R, Bertin TK, Schlaubitz S, Shaw CA, Kakuru S, Munivez E, Hermanns P, Chen Y, Zabel B, Lee B, Brachy-syndactyly caused by loss of Sfrp2 function. J Cell Physiol. 2008 Oct;217(1):127-37
1	J:170582 Mundy C, Yasuda T, Kinumatsu T, Yamaguchi Y, Iwamoto M, Enomoto-Iwamoto M, Koyama E, Pacifici M, Synovial joint formation requires local Ext1 expression and heparan sulfate production in developing mouse embryo limbs and spine. Dev Biol. 2011 Mar 1;351(1):70-81
3	J:97323 Niedermaier M, Schwabe GC, Fees S, Helmrich A, Brieske N, Seemann P, Hecht J, Seitz V, Stricker S, Leschik G, Schrock E, Selby PB, Mundlos S, An inversion involving the mouse Shh locus results in brachydactyly through dysregulation of Shh expression. J Clin Invest. 2005 Apr 1;115(4):900-909
1	J:237505 Norrie JL, Li Q, Co S, Huang BL, Ding D, Uy JC, Ji Z, Mackem S, Bedford MT, Galli A, Ji H, Vokes SA, PRMT5 is essential for the maintenance of chondrogenic progenitor cells in the limb bud. Development. 2016 Dec 15;143(24):4608-4619
1	J:243715 Ohta Y, Okabe T, Larmour C, Di Rocco A, Maijenburg MW, Phillips A, Speck NA, Wakitani S, Nakamura T, Yamada Y, Enomoto-Iwamoto M, Pacifici M, Iwamoto M, Articular cartilage endurance and resistance to osteoarthritic changes require transcription factor Erg. Arthritis Rheumatol. 2015 Oct;67(10):2679-90
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2*	J:108109 Oxburgh L, Chu GC, Michael SK, Robertson EJ, TGFbeta superfamily signals are required for morphogenesis of the kidney mesenchyme progenitor population. Development. 2004 Sep;131(18):4593-605
1*	J:187969 Pazin DE, Gamer LW, Cox KA, Rosen V, Molecular profiling of synovial joints: Use of microarray analysis to identify factors that direct the development of the knee and elbow. Dev Dyn. 2012 Nov;241(11):1816-26
2*	J:156949 Perez WD, Weller CR, Shou S, Stadler HS, Survival of Hoxa13 homozygous mutants reveals a novel role in digit patterning and appendicular skeletal development. Dev Dyn. 2010 Feb;239(2):446-57
4	J:134727 Provot S, Zinyk D, Gunes Y, Kathri R, Le Q, Kronenberg HM, Johnson RS, Longaker MT, Giaccia AJ, Schipani E, Hif-1alpha regulates differentiation of limb bud mesenchyme and joint development. J Cell Biol. 2007 May 7;177(3):451-64
2*	J:153743 Purcell P, Joo BW, Hu JK, Tran PV, Calicchio ML, O'Connell DJ, Maas RL, Tabin CJ, Temporomandibular joint formation requires two distinct hedgehog-dependent steps. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Oct 27;106(43):18297-302
5*	J:266902 Rafipay A, Berg ALR, Erskine L, Vargesson N, Expression analysis of limb element markers during mouse embryonic development. Dev Dyn. 2018 Nov;247(11):1217-1226
1*	J:309563 Rafipay A, Dun XP, Parkinson DB, Erskine L, Vargesson N, Knockdown of slit signaling during limb development leads to a reduction in humerus length. Dev Dyn. 2021 Sep;250(9):1340-1357
3	J:238878 Ray A, Singh PN, Sohaskey ML, Harland RM, Bandyopadhyay A, Precise spatial restriction of BMP signaling is essential for articular cartilage differentiation. Development. 2015 Mar 15;142(6):1169-79
4	J:134490 Raz R, Stricker S, Gazzerro E, Clor JL, Witte F, Nistala H, Zabski S, Pereira RC, Stadmeyer L, Wang X, Gowen L, Sleeman MW, Yancopoulos GD, Canalis E, Mundlos S, Valenzuela DM, Economides AN, The mutation ROR2W749X, linked to human BDB, is a recessive mutation in the mouse, causing brachydactyly, mediating patterning of joints and modeling recessive Robinow syndrome. Development. 2008 May;135(9):1713-23
4	J:96756 Rhee DK, Marcelino J, Baker M, Gong Y, Smits P, Lefebvre V, Jay GD, Stewart M, Wang H, Warman ML, Carpten JD, The secreted glycoprotein lubricin protects cartilage surfaces and inhibits synovial cell overgrowth. J Clin Invest. 2005 Mar;115(3):622-31
1*	J:273042 Rigueur D, Roberts RR, Bobzin L, Merrill AE, A requirement for Fgfr2 in middle ear development. Genesis. 2019 Jan;57(1):e23252
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