Phenotype Image Detail

Image

Caption

Smad2 is not required for cerebellar granule cell proliferation but is required for maturation and migration. A-D, immunodetection of PCNA is shown in sagittal cerebellar sections of P7 and P12 mice. PCNA labeling shows the presence of similar proliferating cell numbers in the external granule cell layer (EGL) in both control and Smad2^tm1.1Nomu/Smad2^tm1.1Nomu Tg(Nes-cre)1Kln/0 (Smad2-CNS-KO) mice. E and F, H&E staining of P12 sections shows the EGL is three to four cell layers thick in control mice, and six to eight cell layers thick in mutants. G and H, at P16 the EGL has been depleted in control mice, but one cell layer is still present in mutant mice. Insets, high magnification images taken from areas indicated by rectangles. I, measurement of PCNA-positive cells per inset area in P7 and P12 mice EGL. Values expressed as the mean +/-S.D. per section of five sections per animal; three animals per group. NS, not significant. J, RT-PCR analysis indicating changes in the abundance of GABAR subunits expressed in the control and mutant mice. Beta-actin was used as an internal control. K, changes in GABAR subunit expression were quantified using Image J. Gabra6 and Gabrd were down regulated by 0.23- and 0.27-fold, respectively, whereas Gabr2a was up-regulated by 1.72-fold. Statistical analyses (t test) were carried out by using Microsoft Excel. Error bars indicate S.D. NS, not significant. An asterisk represents p values < 0.05. L and M, immunodetection of NeuN is shown in sagittal cerebellar sections of P12 mice. L and m, high magnification images were taken from the areas indicated by rectangles. Arrowheads highlight the spindle-shaped morphology of migrating NeuN-positive cells in the molecular layer. A-H, L, and M (scale bar), 200 um. Insets (l-m), scale bar, 50 um. N, the percentage of NeuN-positive cells in the IGL area per cerebellum in P12 mice. O, measurement of the spindle-shaped morphology of migrating NeuN-positive cells per inset area in P12 mice ML. An asterisk represents p values < 0.05. Double asterisks represent p values < 0.01. Values are expressed as the mean +/- S.D. per section of five sections per animal, three animals per group. Black dashed line indicates division between two lobes. Black bar, control; gray bar, Smad2^tm1.1Nomu/Smad2^tm1.1Nomu Tg(Nes-cre)1Kln/0 mice.

Copyright

This image is from Wang L, J Biol Chem 2011 May 27;286(21):18766-74 and is displayed with the permission of the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology who owns the Copyright. Full text from JBC. J:173787

Associated Alleles

Symbol	Name
Smad2^tm1.1Nomu	SMAD family member 2; targeted mutation 1.1, Masatoshi Nomura
Tg(Nes-cre)1Kln	transgene insertion 1, Rudiger Klein

Associated Genotypes

Allelic Composition	Genetic Background
Smad2^tm1.1Nomu/Smad2^tm1.1Nomu Tg(Nes-cre)1Kln/0	involves: C57BL/6 * SJL