Phenotype Image Detail

Image

Caption

(C) In vitro culture demonstrating failure of Gnl3^{Gt(S4-4B1)Sor}/Gnl3^{Gt(S4-4B1)Sor} (-/-) embryos to develop from compacted morulae to blastocysts. Embryos were collected at E1.5 from heterozygous intercrosses and cultured individually. Shown are littermate embryos at matched time points. (D) Mutant embryos fail to blastulate and hatch in outgrowth cultures. Shown are E3.5 littermate embryos freshly isolated from heterozygous intercrosses, and after 1-4 days of culture. The mutant embryo shown here was chosen for genotyping because of its degeneration after 48 hours of culture. The arrow and arrowhead indicate trophoblast giant cells and inner cell mass (ICM)-derived cells, respectively. (E) BrdU incorporation assay showing decreased proliferation in mutant embryos. E3.5 embryos were cultured overnight in M16 medium containing BrdU and analyzed. After overnight culture, wild-type (WT) embryos (top) developed into late blastocysts with expanded blastocoel and demonstrated extensive proliferation with strong BrdU staining in both the ICM and trophectoderm (TE). In contrast, homozygous mutant embryos (bottom) failed to develop into blastocysts and incorporated little BrdU. (F) TUNEL staining of embryos indicating increased apoptosis in mutant embryos. Freshly isolated E3.5 embryos were examined by TUNEL staining. Although WT embryos (left) showed few labeled cells, mutant embryos demonstrated intense labeling of disorganized blastomeres in partially degenerating embryos (middle), and in most cells of apparently fragmented embryos (right), indicating apoptotic cell death in these mutants. Bars, 40 um.

Copyright

This image is from Qu J, J Cell Biol 2012 Jun 11;197(6):731-45, and is displayed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported License. J:185271

Associated Alleles

Symbol	Name
Gnl3^Gt(S4-4B1)Sor	guanine nucleotide binding protein nucleolar 3; gene trap S4-4B1, Philippe Soriano

Associated Genotypes

Allelic Composition	Genetic Background
Gnl3^Gt(S4-4B1)Sor/Gnl3^Gt(S4-4B1)Sor	involves: 129S4/SvJaeSor * C57BL/6