Phenotype Image Detail

Image

Caption

Rib and sternum defects in mice with mutations of Gnai genes. The images show the sternum with true ribs attached. False ribs that are not involved in any fusions have been removed. (A) Gnai3^tm1Lbi/Gnai3⁺ (Gnai3+/-) 19-week-old, showing normal morphology of sternum and true ribs. (B) Gnai3^tm1Lbi/Gnai3^tm1Lbi (Gnai3-/-) 19-week-old, with fusions of the cartilaginous portion of four rib pairs. The fusions involve true ribs only. Although there is the normal number of symmetric contacts of ribs and sternum, the sternum itself is distorted. (C) Gnai3^tm1Lbi/Gnai3^tm1Lbi Gnai1^tm1Drs/Gnai1⁺ (Gnai3-/- Gnai1+/-) 22-week-old, with fusion of nine rib pairs. On the right side, the first false rib is fused to the seventh true rib (blue arrowhead). (D) Gnai3^tm1Lbi/Gnai3^tm1Lbi Gnai1^tm1Drs/Gnai1^tm1Drs (Gnai3-/- Gnai1-/-) 41-week-old, with fusions involving all but one of the true ribs and one false rib (blue arrowhead). Rib-sternum contacts are asymmetric (black arrowhead), and the second and third sternebrae are fused (red arrowhead). (E) Gnai3^tm1Lbi/Gnai3^tm1Lbi Gnai2^tm1Lbi/Gnai2⁺ (Gnai3-/- Gnai2+/-) 4-week-old, with fusions of ten rib pairs, including fusion of one false rib (blue arrowhead). The eighth rib on the right side is connected to the sternum (gray arrowhead). (F) Gnai3^tm1Lbi/Gnai3^tm1Lbi Gnai2^tm1Lbi/Gnai2^tm1Lbi (Gnai3-/- Gnai2-/-) 5-week-old, with an eighth rib connected to the sternum (gray arrowhead) but no rib fusions.

Copyright

This image is from Plummer NW, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2012 Dec 26;109(52):21366-71. Copyright 2012 National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A. J:193170

Associated Alleles

Symbol	Name
Gnai1^tm1Drs	G protein subunit alpha i1; targeted mutation 1, Daniel R Storm
Gnai2^tm1Lbi	G protein subunit alpha i2; targeted mutation 1, Lutz Birnbaumer
Gnai3^tm1Lbi	G protein subunit alpha i3; targeted mutation 1, Lutz Birnbaumer

Associated Genotypes

Allelic Composition	Genetic Background
Gnai1^tm1Drs/Gnai1^tm1Drs Gnai3^tm1Lbi/Gnai3^tm1Lbi	involves: 129S/SvEv
Gnai3^tm1Lbi/Gnai3^tm1Lbi	involves: 129S/SvEv
Gnai1^tm1Drs/Gnai1^+ Gnai3^tm1Lbi/Gnai3^tm1Lbi	involves: 129S/SvEv
Gnai2^tm1Lbi/Gnai2^+ Gnai3^tm1Lbi/Gnai3^tm1Lbi	involves: 129S/SvEv * 129S7/SvEvBrd
Gnai1^tm1Drs/Gnai1^tm1Drs Gnai2^tm1Lbi/Gnai2^tm1Lbi	involves: 129S7/SvEvBrd